RII Track-4: @NASA: Investigation of Erosive Wear Resistance of Ceramic Parts Produced by Additive Manufacturing

增材制造（AM）是一种计算机控制的技术，通过沉积材料（通常是分层沉积）来构建三维物体。AM已被公认具有多个优点，包括能够在单个制造过程中制造高复杂性的组件，并且它在许多领域中得到应用，例如航空航天和生物医学行业。即使在太空中也能使用增材制造零件，这使得这项技术极具吸引力，被认为是增强航天器设计和实现负担得起的任务的关键技术。在成功将增材制造组件集成到太空任务中之前，必须检查它们在各种环境条件下的结构完整性。磨损是一种动态过程，通过该过程，部件的完整性可能受到损害，在该动态过程中，由于撞击颗粒与目标表面之间的机械相互作用，材料从目标表面被去除。该项目将：1）通过实验研究增材制造部件的侵蚀磨损; 2）开发预测侵蚀磨损模型，以确定侵蚀磨损造成的损害。因此，通过推进增材制造工艺，该项目确保了美国在空间计划和增材制造应用的其他领域的领导地位。 增材制造（AM）对于在单个制造步骤中制造定制的、复杂的、整洁形状的几何形状至关重要。即使在太空中，使用AM制造零件的能力也使这种制造技术极具吸引力。这些增材制造组件在各种环境条件下的结构完整性是NASA的研究重点之一。部件的完整性可能受到损害的过程之一是侵蚀磨损，这是一种动态过程，其中由于撞击颗粒与目标表面之间的机械相互作用，材料从目标表面去除。该项目的目标是促进我们对增材制造陶瓷部件对侵蚀磨损的反应的理解。由于冲蚀磨损是一个复杂的过程，受工艺条件（颗粒尺寸，形状，速度，冲击角和环境条件），冲击条件（冲击角），和材料的机械性能，实验数据将被用来开发相关的预测冲蚀磨损模型。对侵蚀磨损机制的深入了解将能够改善AM工艺的工艺条件，即，所产生的数据将有助于通过控制显著影响材料机械性能的制造工艺条件来改善部件的微观结构和纹理。因此，该项目的成果是生成将用于改进AM工艺的基本数据;以及开发预测性侵蚀磨损模型，用于评估AM制造陶瓷部件的侵蚀磨损性能。该项目将为阿拉斯加大学安克雷奇分校的本科生研究经验提供教师奖学金和支持。教师和学生研究团队将与美国宇航局马歇尔太空飞行中心的研究人员合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a computer-controlled technique that builds three-dimensional objects by depositing materials, typically in layers. AM has been recognized to have several advantages, including the ability to manufacture a component with high complexity in a single manufacturing process, and it finds application in many sectors, such as aerospace and the biomedical industries. The ability to manufacture parts using AM even in space has made this technology extremely attractive and is considered a key technology for enhancing space vehicle designs and enabling affordable missions. Before successfully integrating additively manufactured components into space missions, their structural integrity under various environmental conditions must be examined. Erosive wear, one of the processes through which the integrity of a component can be compromised, is a dynamic process in which material is removed from a target surface because of mechanical interaction between impinging particles and the target surface. This project will: 1) study erosive wear of additively manufactured components experimentally; 2) develop predictive erosive wear models that determine the damage caused by erosive wear. Therefore, by advancing the additive manufacturing process, the project ensures US leadership in space programs and other sectors in which AM has found applications. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is crucial for fabricating customized, complex, neat-shape geometries in a single manufacturing step. The ability to manufacture parts using AM, even in space, has made this manufacturing technology extremely attractive. The structural integrity of these additively manufactured components under various environmental conditions is one of NASA’s research priorities. One of the processes through which the integrity of a component can be compromised is erosive wear, which is a dynamic process in which material is removed from a target surface because of mechanical interaction between impinging particles and the target surface. The goal of this project is to advance our understanding of the response of additively manufactured ceramic parts to erosive wear. Since erosive wear is a complex process influenced by process conditions (particle size, shape, velocity, impact angle, and environmental conditions), impact conditions (impact angle), and material mechanical properties, experimental data will be used to develop correlative predictive erosive wear models. Insights into the erosive wear mechanisms will enable the improvement of process conditions of the AM process, i.e., the data generated will help improve the microstructure and texture of components by controlling manufacturing process conditions that significantly impact material mechanical properties. Hence, the project's outcome is the generation of essential data that will be used to improve AM process; and the development of predictive erosive wear models that will be used to assess the erosive wear performance of AM fabricated ceramic components. This project would provide a faculty fellowship and support for an undergraduate research experience at the University of Alaska Anchorage. The faculty and student research team will collaborate with researchers at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.