RII Track-4: @NASA: Investigation of Erosive Wear Resistance of Ceramic Parts Produced by Additive Manufacturing

增材制造（AM）是一种计算机控制的技术，通过沉积材料来制造三维物体，通常是分层的。增材制造已经被认为具有几个优势，包括在单个制造过程中制造高度复杂的组件的能力，并且它在许多领域都有应用，例如航空航天和生物医学行业。即使在太空中使用增材制造零件的能力也使这项技术极具吸引力，被认为是增强太空飞行器设计和实现负担得起的任务的关键技术。在将增材制造的部件成功集成到空间任务中之前，必须检查其在各种环境条件下的结构完整性。侵蚀磨损是一种动态过程，由于撞击颗粒与目标表面之间的机械相互作用，材料从目标表面脱落，是破坏部件完整性的过程之一。本项目将：1)对增材制造部件的冲蚀磨损进行实验研究；2)建立预测侵蚀磨损模型，确定侵蚀磨损造成的损伤。因此，通过推进增材制造工艺，该项目确保了美国在空间计划和增材制造已经应用的其他领域的领导地位。增材制造（AM）对于在单个制造步骤中制造定制的、复杂的、整齐的几何形状至关重要。即使在太空中，使用AM制造零件的能力也使这种制造技术极具吸引力。在各种环境条件下，这些增材制造部件的结构完整性是NASA的研究重点之一。侵蚀磨损是影响部件完整性的一个过程，这是一个动态过程，由于撞击颗粒和目标表面之间的机械相互作用，材料从目标表面移除。该项目的目标是促进我们对增材制造陶瓷部件对侵蚀磨损的响应的理解。由于冲蚀磨损是一个复杂的过程，受工艺条件（粒度、形状、速度、冲击角和环境条件）、冲击条件（冲击角）和材料力学性能的影响，因此将利用实验数据建立相关的预测冲蚀磨损模型。对侵蚀磨损机制的深入了解将有助于改进增材制造工艺条件，即通过控制对材料机械性能有重大影响的制造工艺条件，生成的数据将有助于改善部件的微观结构和纹理。因此，项目的结果是生成将用于改进增材制造过程的基本数据；以及预测侵蚀磨损模型的开发，该模型将用于评估增材制造陶瓷部件的侵蚀磨损性能。该项目将提供教师奖学金，并支持本科生在阿拉斯加安克雷奇大学的研究经历。教职员工和学生研究团队将与美国宇航局马歇尔太空飞行中心的研究人员合作。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a computer-controlled technique that builds three-dimensional objects by depositing materials, typically in layers. AM has been recognized to have several advantages, including the ability to manufacture a component with high complexity in a single manufacturing process, and it finds application in many sectors, such as aerospace and the biomedical industries. The ability to manufacture parts using AM even in space has made this technology extremely attractive and is considered a key technology for enhancing space vehicle designs and enabling affordable missions. Before successfully integrating additively manufactured components into space missions, their structural integrity under various environmental conditions must be examined. Erosive wear, one of the processes through which the integrity of a component can be compromised, is a dynamic process in which material is removed from a target surface because of mechanical interaction between impinging particles and the target surface. This project will: 1) study erosive wear of additively manufactured components experimentally; 2) develop predictive erosive wear models that determine the damage caused by erosive wear. Therefore, by advancing the additive manufacturing process, the project ensures US leadership in space programs and other sectors in which AM has found applications. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is crucial for fabricating customized, complex, neat-shape geometries in a single manufacturing step. The ability to manufacture parts using AM, even in space, has made this manufacturing technology extremely attractive. The structural integrity of these additively manufactured components under various environmental conditions is one of NASA’s research priorities. One of the processes through which the integrity of a component can be compromised is erosive wear, which is a dynamic process in which material is removed from a target surface because of mechanical interaction between impinging particles and the target surface. The goal of this project is to advance our understanding of the response of additively manufactured ceramic parts to erosive wear. Since erosive wear is a complex process influenced by process conditions (particle size, shape, velocity, impact angle, and environmental conditions), impact conditions (impact angle), and material mechanical properties, experimental data will be used to develop correlative predictive erosive wear models. Insights into the erosive wear mechanisms will enable the improvement of process conditions of the AM process, i.e., the data generated will help improve the microstructure and texture of components by controlling manufacturing process conditions that significantly impact material mechanical properties. Hence, the project's outcome is the generation of essential data that will be used to improve AM process; and the development of predictive erosive wear models that will be used to assess the erosive wear performance of AM fabricated ceramic components. This project would provide a faculty fellowship and support for an undergraduate research experience at the University of Alaska Anchorage. The faculty and student research team will collaborate with researchers at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.