EAGER: Revolutionizing Wikipedia’s Relationship with New and Emerging Knowledge

每天有数百万人浏览维基百科的文章，许多服务依赖维基百科的质量来推动他们的业务和人工智能企业。该项目将为维基百科用于组织知识的基本机制提供新的、有效的、高保真的设计，目的是丰富它所包含的知识类型，并扩大它所采用的证据标准。维基百科的成功依赖于一个激进的知识生产过程--任何人都可以编辑文章--再加上严格的证据认识论，要求“可靠的来源”和“中立的观点”。但沿着成功的是系统性的问题和关于什么知识是“有效的”的争论。这些过程可能会排除许多有价值的知识，包括（1）基于不同认知方式的知识，如口述历史;（2）不太确定的知识，包括新的医学治疗和疗法的新兴知识;（2）针对不同目标的知识，例如将教科书知识置于背景中的个人经历。这些排除通过维基百科编辑的决定发生：他们允许哪些编辑，他们撤销哪些编辑以及他们执行哪些规则。研究将填补维基百科研究中的理论与实践差距，通过评估良好，高保真的原型，可以改变在线百科全书中的证据实践。这一目标将通过四个阶段的工作来实现：第一阶段：将理论和实践转化为新知识表示的低保真度原型。第二阶段：与维基百科专家小组讨论初步设计。阶段3：将阶段2中最有前途的想法发展成高保真的功能原型。阶段4：通过异步在线社区评估高保真原型，以进行设计评论和生成。该项目的预期科学成果包括为维基百科提供新的设计原型和政策，以扩展和丰富其知识生产认识论，以及专家和利益相关者对设计和政策的潜在可行性，有效性和可接受性的见解。这种多阶段、反复的设计过程也适用于其他复杂和高风险的领域，例如为社交平台的可信度评估设计干预措施。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Millions of people view Wikipedia’s articles daily, and many services rely on the quality of Wikipedia to power their business and AI ventures. This project will contribute new and validated, high-fidelity designs for the fundamental mechanisms Wikipedia uses to organize knowledge, with the goal of enriching the types of knowledge it includes and expand the evidentiary standards it employs. Wikipedia's success rests on a radical knowledge production process—anyone can edit the articles—coupled with a strict evidentiary epistemology that mandates "reliable sources" and a "neutral point of view". But along with the success has come systematic problems and controversies over what knowledge is "valid." These processes may have the effect of excluding much valuable knowledge, including (1) knowledge based on different ways of knowing, such as oral histories; (2) less established knowledge, including emerging knowledge about new medical treatments and therapies; and (2) knowledge directed toward different goals, for example personal experiences that contextualize textbook knowledge. These exclusions occur through the decisions of Wikipedia editors: which edits they allow and which they undo and what rules they enforce. Research will fill the theory-practice gap in Wikipedia research via well-evaluated, high-fidelity prototypes that can change the evidentiary practices in the online encyclopedia. This goal will be accomplished through four phases of work: Phase 1: Translate theory and practice into low-fidelity prototypes for new knowledge representations. Phase 2: Validate initial designs with a small panel of Wikipedia experts. Phase 3: Develop the most promising ideas from Phase 2 into high-fidelity, functional prototypes. Phase 4: Evaluate the high-fidelity prototypes through an asynchronous online community for design critique and generation. Expected scientific outcomes of this project include new design prototypes and policies for Wikipedia that expand and enrich its knowledge-production epistemology, and expert and stakeholder insights into the potential feasibility, efficacy, and acceptability of the designs and policies. This multi-stage, iterative design process is applicable to other complex and risky arenas, such as designing interventions for credibility assessment in social platforms.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.