Coordination of morphogenetic actions across the entire organism

整个生物体形态发生作用的协调

• 批准号: 258670298
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Maria Leptin, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Genetik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/258670298?language=en
• 关键词: Coordination; morphogenetic; actions; across; entire

The folding of epithelial sheets is a widely used mechanism to create organ primordia or parts of organs during the development of multicellular organisms. The invagination of the mesoderm during gastrulation in the Drosophila embryo is a well-studied example of an epithelial folding. Studies in the past have focused on understanding the genetic control of epithelial folding and identifying the molecules that control the subcellular events responsible for the cell shape changes, and much is now known about the signalling cascades, the role of junctions and the cytoskeletal networks involved in the process. However, these constricting cells form part of a higher order assembly of cells in an epithelial context, and their actions must be coordinated with those cells to which they are directly attached, and their more distant neighbours. The aim of this project is to investigate the way in which the constricting cells interact with each other and with their surrounding cells, to determine what the properties of the cells are that allow the assembly of cells to behave such that the distortion caused by constriction affects the rest of the embryo in a productive manner, and finally, to determine how the way in which they are mechanically linked to each other influences their behaviours. We have established a way of imaging cell shapes throughout the developing embryo at high temporal and spatial resolution. This enables us to correlate precisely the behaviours of different cell population and draw conclusions about causalities. These can then be tested by genetic and physical manipulations. For example, we are able to fix cells in a given position, or connections can be severed by laser. Overall cell behaviour can be modified by genetic means.

上皮片层的折叠是在多细胞生物体发育期间产生器官原基或器官部分的广泛使用的机制。果蝇胚胎原肠胚形成过程中胚层的内陷是上皮折叠的一个很好的研究例子。过去的研究集中在理解上皮折叠的遗传控制和识别控制负责细胞形状变化的亚细胞事件的分子，现在对信号级联、连接的作用和参与该过程的细胞骨架网络有了很多了解。然而，这些收缩细胞在上皮环境中形成了更高级的细胞组装的一部分，并且它们的行为必须与它们直接附着的那些细胞以及它们更远的邻居协调。该项目的目的是研究收缩细胞相互作用及其与周围细胞相互作用的方式，以确定细胞的特性是什么，这些特性允许细胞的组装行为，使得收缩引起的扭曲以富有成效的方式影响胚胎的其余部分，最后，以确定它们彼此机械连接的方式如何影响它们的行为。我们已经建立了一种在高时间和空间分辨率下对整个发育胚胎中的细胞形状进行成像的方法。 这使我们能够精确地关联不同细胞群体的行为，并得出有关因果关系的结论。 然后可以通过遗传和物理操作来测试这些。例如，我们能够将细胞固定在给定的位置，或者可以通过激光切断连接。整个细胞的行为可以通过遗传手段来改变。