EAGER: Knit One, Purl Two, Studies on the Properties of Knitted Fabrics for Advanced Engineering Applications

EAGER：针织一，金银丝二，高级工程应用针织物性能研究

• 批准号: 2344589
• 负责人: Sanjay Govindjee
• 金额: $ 17.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-11-01 至 2025-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2344589&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Knit; Purl; Two; Studies

This EArly-Concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) project concerns the study of an ancient and ubiquitous, yet understudied, class of materials: knitted fabrics. The aim is to explore these novel materials, and their unusual elastic properties, using recently developed concepts in theoretical physics together with basic experiments for the establishment of a firm foundation upon which this field of study can grow. Engineers and artisans have developed for millennia methods for weaving yarns into fabrics with desired properties, and nowadays many novel applications are appearing, such as soft actuators, animated toys, artificial muscles, improved roadways, and armament protection, to name a few. Despite the wide range of uses of knitted fabrics, basic and foundational questions remain about their true nature – how their structures give rise to their unusual elastic properties. Answering this question can allow us to design new fabrics that are stronger and more robust than existing materials. Further, it can allow us to design fabrics that transport energy in directed and predictable ways for use in actuators and energy dissipation systems. The study of knitted fabrics is also a perfect vehicle for broadly connecting the wider public with science and engineering as there are many artisans and hobbyists working with knitted materials. To that end the project includes outreach activities to school children and knitting hobby communities.The objective of this project is to establish a theoretical mechanics-based understanding of anomalous elastic phenomena in knitted fabrics using novel methods and ideas from condensed matter physics. Using these approaches, this work also seeks to open the field of topologically protected vibrational edge modes in these materials and to experimentally observe these modes in designs that would be identified theoretically. The approach will focus on the application of knot theory and condensed matter group theory applied to periodic and quasi-periodic structures (including defected systems) to explain the odd elastic properties seen in experiments and to explain the high elasticity seen in these systems despite being composed of high rigidity yarns. In this regard, the effort will also examine the role of chirality and group theory in explaining experimentally seen behaviors. Analogous to Anderson localization in condensed matter physics, the approach will also explore the possibility that disorder in fabrics leads to localization of vibrations, and whether designed disorder can lead to strength enhancements. The gained theoretical understanding and experimental demonstrations are intended to lay the foundation for new and promising applications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项早期概念授予探索性研究（急切）项目涉及对古老而普遍但被理解的材料类别的研究：针织织物。目的是利用最近在理论物理学中开发的概念以及建立该研究领域可以增长的牢固基础的基本实验，探索这些新型材料及其异常的弹性特性。工程师和工匠已经开发了数千年的方法，用于将纱线编织成具有所需特性的面料，如今，许多新颖的应用都出现了，例如软执行器，动画玩具，人造肌肉，改善的道路和装备保护，仅举几例。尽管针织织物的使用范围很广，但基本和基础问题仍然存在于其真实本质 - 它们的结构如何产生其异常的弹性特性。回答这个问题可以使我们能够设计出比现有材料更强大，更强大的新织物。此外，它可以使我们能够设计以有指导性和可预测方式运输能量的织物，以在执行器和能量耗散系统中使用。对针织织物的研究也是将更广泛的公众与科学和工程联系起来的理想工具，因为有许多工匠和爱好者使用针织材料。为此，该项目包括向学童和编织业余爱好社区进行外展活动。该项目的目的是使用凝聚态物理学中的新方法和思想在针织织物中基于理论机械的理解对异常的弹性现象。使用这些方法，这项工作还旨在在这些材料中打开拓扑保护的振动边缘模式的领域，并在设计中鉴定出理论上确定的设计中的这些模式。该方法将重点介绍结节理论的应用和凝结物质组理论，该理论应用于周期性和准周期结构（包括缺陷的系统），以解释实验中看到的奇特弹性特性，并解释尽管由高刚性纱线组成，但在这些系统中看到的高弹性。在这方面，努力还将研究手性和群体理论在解释实验性看法的行为中的作用。这种方法类似于安德森（Anderson）在冷凝物质物理中的定位，该方法还将探索织物中的疾病导致振动的定位，以及设计障碍是否会导致力量提高。获得的理论理解和实验示范旨在为新的和有希望的应用奠定基础。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估被认为是宝贵的支持。