Multiscale functional-structural plant modelling at the example of apple trees

以苹果树为例的多尺度功能结构植物建模

• 批准号: 259035778
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Winfried Kurth
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Ökoinformatik, Biometrie und Waldwachstum
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/259035778?language=en
• 关键词: Multiscale; functional; structural; plant; modelling

Process-based crop models allow the prediction of the growth of plant compartments under homogeneous conditions and agricultural practices. They are less adapted to applictions where single plant organs are in the focus. Functional-structural plant models (FSPMs) were designed to overcome this limitation by representing 3-dimensional plant structure and physiological functioning with their mutual dependencies. However, when they include several processes and represent the plant at organ level, calculation times for FSPMs can become prohibitive, particularly for large plants. A further problem is caused by complexity: The necessary steps of parameter estimation and sensitivity analysis are nontrivial, due to the large number of parameters and the often non-linear dependencies between the modelled processes. We will address these problems in a project of four teams, representing expertise in botany, horticultural crop modelling, mathematics and computer science. Our project will be devoted to two research foci: F1 - "Model development, calibration, analysis, and corresponding software tools", and F2 - "Case study: Modelling apple tree growth at organ, branch and whole-tree scale". In F1, we will build mathematical and algorithmic tools for bridging the gap between spatial and temporal scales (spatial: here organ - branch axis - individual tree - orchard; temporal: hour to year). Methods for upscaling, downscaling and maintenance of simultaneous plant representations (incl. processes) at several scale levels will be developed using open-source simulation software. Furthermore, a toolbox for parameter fitting, sensitivity analysis and validation for such multiscale models will be developed and implemented. A further gap, closely related to that between scales, is that between mechanistic and empirically-based models. We will bridge this gap in the case study in F2, coming from both sides: An existing empirical, L-system-based model of apple tree growth will be fitted to different genotypes and environmental conditions. In parallel, a biophysically-based water flux and carbon transport model will be developed at the organ and branch scale, utilizing an existing software for an easy specification and stable solution of differential equations on networks. This model will allow assessments of fruit quality under different water scenarios. In the end, both lines of work will be merged in an integrated, multiscale apple tree growth model with a hydraulic and a C transport component. It will be built, analyzed and validated using the tools from F1. At the same time, the continuous confrontation of the researchers in F1 with modellers' demands from F2 will guide the development of methods and tools and their integration in FSPM platforms. Project coherence will be further assured by joint work of several teams on some of the tasks, regular meetings, annual workshops, a joint database, and joint supervision of students.

基于过程的作物模型允许在同类条件和农业实践下预测植物间隔室的生长。它们不太适应单一植物器官集中的应用。功能-结构植物模型(FSPM)是为了克服这一局限性而设计的，它以相互依赖的方式表达了植物的三维结构和生理功能。然而，当它们包括几个过程并代表器官级别的植物时，FSPM的计算时间可能会变得令人望而却步，特别是对于大型植物。另一个问题是由复杂性引起的：参数估计和灵敏度分析的必要步骤不是平凡的，因为大量的参数和建模过程之间往往是非线性的依赖关系。我们将在一个由四个团队组成的项目中解决这些问题，这些团队代表植物学、园艺作物建模、数学和计算机科学方面的专业知识。我们的项目将致力于两个研究重点：F1-“模型开发、校准、分析和相应的软件工具”和F2-“案例研究：在器官、枝条和全树尺度上模拟苹果树的生长”。在F1中，我们将建立数学和算法工具来弥合空间和时间尺度之间的差距(空间：这里的器官-树枝轴-个体树-果园；时间：小时到一年)。同时表示植物的放大、缩小和维护方法(包括将使用开放源码模拟软件开发几个规模级别的进程)。此外，还将开发和实施用于这种多尺度模式的参数拟合、灵敏度分析和验证的工具箱。与尺度之间的差距密切相关的另一个差距是机械模型和基于经验的模型之间的差距。我们将在F2的案例研究中弥合这一差距，来自两个方面：现有的基于L系统的经验苹果树生长模型将适用于不同的基因类型和环境条件。同时，将在器官和分支尺度上开发一个基于生物物理学的水通量和碳运输模型，利用现有的软件在网络上易于说明和稳定地求解微分方程组。该模型将允许在不同的水情景下评估水果质量。最终，这两个行业将被合并为一个集成的、多尺度的苹果树生长模型，其中包括液压和C运输组件。它将使用F1的工具进行构建、分析和验证。同时，F1的研究人员与F2造型者的需求的不断对抗将指导方法和工具的开发及其在FSPM平台中的整合。项目的连贯性将通过几个小组在一些任务上的联合工作、定期会议、年度讲习班、联合数据库和对学生的联合监督来进一步确保。

项目成果

Multiscale functional-structural plant modelling at the example of apple trees: Project description

以苹果树为例的多尺度功能结构植物建模：项目描述

• DOI: 10.1109/fspma.2016.7818281
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Functional-Structural Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (FSPMA)
• 作者: Benoît Bayol;Paul-Henry Cournède;Julien Sainte-Marie;Gautier Viaud;Faustino Chi;Winfried Kurth;Qinqin Long;Johannes Merklein;Katarína Streit;Evelyne Costes;Vincent Migault;Benoît Pallas;Gerhard Buck-Sorlin;Magalie Poirier-Pocovi;Christophe P
• 通讯作者: Christophe P

A dynamic model of xylem and phloem flux in an apple branch

苹果枝条木质部和韧皮部通量的动态模型

• DOI: 10.1109/pma.2018.8611561
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: 2018 6th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA)
• 作者: Johannes Merklein;Magalie Poirier-Pocovi;Gerhard Buck-Sorlin;Winfried Kurth;Qinqin Long
• 通讯作者: Qinqin Long

Impact of geometrical traits on light interception in conifers: Analysis using an FSPM for Scots pine

• DOI: 10.1109/fspma.2016.7818307
• 发表时间: 2016-11
• 期刊: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Functional-Structural Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (FSPMA)
• 作者: Katarína Streit;M. Henke;Benoit Bayol;P. Cournède;R. Sievänen;W. Kurth

A design pattern in XL for implementing multiscale models, demonstrated with a fruit tree simulator

• DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2017.1160.6
• 发表时间: 2017-05
• 作者: W. Kurth;Y. Ong

A logical data exchange model for adapting different methods abstracting plant architecture

用于适应不同方法抽象工厂架构的逻辑数据交换模型

• DOI: 10.1109/ickea.2017.8169899
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: 2017 2nd International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Applications (ICKEA)
• 作者: Qinqin Long;Winfried Kurth
• 通讯作者: Winfried Kurth