Impact of salinity changes on viral production during the paleoenvironmental history of Baltic Sea sediments

波罗的海沉积物古环境历史中盐度变化对病毒产生的影响

• 批准号: 260992344
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Bert Engelen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres (ICBM)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/260992344?language=en
• 关键词: Impact; salinity; changes; viral; production

Deep subsurface sediments of the Baltic Sea represent a paleoenvironmental archive of this intra-continental basin which has undergone alterations between limnic, brackish and marine conditions in the past. The aim of IODP Exp. 347 has been to investigate the impact of these environmental changes on benthic microbial communities. As viruses control microbial populations and mediate carbon turnover due to lysis of infected cells, they have a major impact on microbial and biogeochemical processes. In the first funding period, we have started to analyze viruses and their host bacteria as numerous and active components of the deep biosphere. For fast and accurate counting of viruses in culture media, we have developed a protocol for flow cytometry that can now be used for a large number of samples which will be adapted for counting viruses in sediments. From our cultivation experiments, we have obtained 36 isolates; some of them will be validly described as new species or even genera. Physiological analysis revealed considerable differences in their salinity tolerance. Different viruses have been identified in the isolates, which are either induced by the antibiotic mitomycin or produced at high numbers during growth of the bacteria. In the proposed project, we will establish a database of phage genomes from our isolates which will possibly reveal viral features important for the persistence in the deep biosphere and alleviate the identification of specific phages in e.g. metagenomes or single-cell genomes from the deep biosphere. Furthermore, our current studies on osmotic shock as an inducer for virus production will be extended from pure cultures to environmental samples. Analyzing microbial community structures and organic carbon composition during cell lysis and subsequent uptake of cell material by opportunistic bacteria will help to understand the role of viruses during the paleoenvironmental history of the Baltic Sea.

波罗的海深层地下沉积物代表了这个大陆内盆地的古环境档案，该盆地过去经历了湖沼、咸水和海洋条件之间的变化。 IODP Exp 的目标347 一直在调查这些环境变化对底栖微生物群落的影响。由于病毒控制微生物种群并因受感染细胞裂解而介导碳周转，因此它们对微生物和生物地球化学过程产生重大影响。在第一个资助期间，我们开始分析病毒及其宿主细菌，作为深层生物圈的众多活跃组成部分。为了快速准确地对培养基中的病毒进行计数，我们开发了一种流式细胞术方案，该方案现在可用于大量样品，这些样品将适用于对沉积物中的病毒进行计数。通过我们的培养实验，我们获得了36个分离株；其中一些将被有效地描述为新物种甚至属。生理分析显示它们的耐盐性存在显着差异。在分离株中发现了不同的病毒，这些病毒要么是由抗生素丝裂霉素诱导的，要么是在细菌生长过程中大量产生的。在拟议的项目中，我们将建立一个来自我们的分离株的噬菌体基因组数据库，该数据库可能会揭示对于深层生物圈中的持久存在很重要的病毒特征，并减轻对例如细菌中特定噬菌体的识别。来自深层生物圈的宏基因组或单细胞基因组。此外，我们目前关于渗透休克作为病毒产生诱导剂的研究将从纯培养物扩展到环境样品。分析细胞裂解过程中的微生物群落结构和有机碳组成以及机会细菌随后摄取细胞物质将有助于了解病毒在波罗的海古环境历史中的作用。

项目成果

Marinisporobacter balticus gen. nov., sp. nov., Desulfosporosinus nitroreducens sp. nov. and Desulfosporosinus fructosivorans sp. nov., new spore-forming bacteria isolated from subsurface sediments of the Baltic Sea.

Marinisporobacter balticus gen nov , sp nov , Desulfosporosinus nitroreducens sp nov 和 Desulfosporosinus fructosivorans sp nov , 从波罗的海地下沉积物中分离出的新孢子形成细菌

• DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001883
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Vandieken V;Niemann H;Engelen B;Cypionka H
• 通讯作者: Cypionka H