The (n.) Anna and her (f.) dog. Female first names in the neuter gender. Socio-pragmatic vs. semantic gender assignment in German and Luxembourgish dialects

“(n)。安娜和她的（f.）狗。中性女性的名字。德语和卢森堡方言的社会-语用与语义性别分配“第四年继续申请这个dach项目，构思了四年，在过去的两年里一直在研究性别和性别之间的分歧。妇女和女孩的名字常与中性冠词（das Anna’the）连用。安娜”)。“性别断裂”也很常见，比如（n.）。安娜-她或(f)安娜-它。这些中性形式尚未被探索过。在德国和瑞士的许多方言中，它们正在消失。这个三国项目的目的是通过在24个调查地点结合各种方法的探索，尽可能彻底地探索中性的这些“不同”用途的系统和功能-与女性的使用经常共存。这些数据应能使人们对决定性别分配的环境和社会实际因素、其功能和起源有新的认识。第一至第三年：在前两年，所有计划的步骤都已完成（文献研究、项目会议、预试等）。此外，大部分的勘探工作已经完成，而且比预期的要富有成效得多。对数据的分析正在进行中，并将按计划在第三年继续进行：填空和翻译正在被评估，朋友之间的对话以及长时间的采访（比计划提前进行）必须被转录。此外，还制作了一份详细的在线问卷，以便与24个调查地点以外的发言者取得联系。这三个国家几千人的高回复率使我们能够生成地图，显示中性名字出现的地区。这个区域比先前假设的要大。然而，它的使用正在减少；在许多地区，它已经在年轻一代中消失了。通过我们的研究，我们正在捕捉这种现象仍然存在的最后一个领域。最初的结果表明，中性形式最初是根据妇女或女孩的社会地位而使用的。今天，它反映了说话者、收件人和所指的妇女之间的关系，尽管存在重要的地区和代际差异。触发中性（或女性）形式使用的因素是在三位一体中的熟悉程度，社会和年龄差异，亲属关系，熟人，反感和同情以及属于一个家庭或一个地方。此外，某些名字和后缀对性别分配也有影响。第四年将专注于历时性，即何时，如何以及为什么这些中性形式出现的核心问题（我们已经提出了一些假设）。为此目的，勘探的结果必须为人所知。此外，还将研究历史和文学方言文本，并研究我们地区移民的方言。

"The (n.) Anna and her (f.) dog. Female first names in the neuter gender. Socio-pragmatic vs. semantic gender assignment in German and Luxembourgish dialects"Application for continuation for the fourth yearThis DACH-project, which was conceived for four years, has in the past two years looked into disagreement between sex and gender. First names of women and girls are often used with the neuter article (das Anna 'the (n.) Anna'). It is also quite common that “gender breaks” occur such as the (n.) Anna – she or the (f) Anna – it. These neuter forms are as yet unexplored. In many dialects of Germany and Switzerland they are disappearing. The aim of this trinational project is to explore as thoroughly as possible the system and the function of these “diverging” uses of the neuter gender – alongside which the feminine uses often coexist – by means of explorations combining various methods in 24 survey locations. This data should allow new insights into the situational and socio-pragmatic factors determining gender assignment, its functions and its genesis.1st – 3rd year: In the first two years all planned steps were taken (literature study, project meetings, pretests etc.). Furthermore, most of the explorations were completed and they were much more fruitful than expected. The analyses of the data are in progress and will continue as planned in the 3rd year: Clozes and translations are being evaluated and conversations among friends as well as long interviews (which were carried out earlier than scheduled) have to be transcribed. Furthermore, an elaborate online questionnaire was created in order to reach speakers outside the 24 survey locations. The high return of several thousand people in the 3 countries allowed us to generate maps displaying the area in which neuter first names occur. This area is larger than previously assumed. Its use, however, is decreasing; in many regions it has disappeared among the younger generation. With our study we are capturing the last areas in which this phenomenon still exists. First results indicate that the neuter forms were originally used according to the social position of a woman or a girl. Today it reflects the relation between the speaker, the addressee and the woman referred to, although there are important regional and generational differences. Factors which trigger the use of neuter (or feminine) forms are the degree of familiarity within the triad, social and age differences, kinship, acquaintance, antipathy and sympathy as well as belonging to a family or a place. Moreover, certain names and suffixes have an influence upon the gender assignment.The 4th year will focus on diachrony, i.e. the central question of when, how and why these neuter forms emerged (we have already developed some hypotheses). For this purpose, the results of the explorations have to be known. Furthermore, historical and literary dialectal texts will be looked at and the dialects of emigrants of our areas are to be examined.