's Bachmanns Anna und de Schmidte Karl' Grammar and Sociopragmatics of Unofficial Personal Names in German Dialects

巴赫曼的《安娜和德施密特卡尔》德语方言中非官方人名的语法和社会语用学

• 批准号: 405468658
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Antje Dammel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Germanistisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/405468658?language=en
• 关键词: Bachmanns; Anna; und; de; Schmidte

The proposed project systematically explores the grammatical structures and sociopragmatic variation of unofficial personal names in German dialects, a topic, for which only rudimentary research exists. Unofficial personal names define as combinations of first names and family names respectively unofficial surnames such as 'der Müller Peter', 's Meiers Rita' or 'Schulten Hein'. They are preferably used in close social networks of rural communities to refer to absent referents.These names are characterised by extensive constructional variation, both between dialects as well as within the individual system of one dialect. Neither the geographical differentiation nor the structural and sociopragmatic aspects conditioning this variation are so far explored sufficiently.The structure of the onymic constructions is of interest from the perspectives of both historical linguistics and grammatical theory in several respects. For once, they are the last preserve of the genitive case within German dialects. Therefore, their areal variation forms an important still image of the gradual reduction of the genitive. Also, the grammaticalization of the definite article preceding personal names can be observed and analyzed by means of dialectal names.On the other hand, synchronically, the variants represent different intermediate stages between syntactic phrases and compounds, thereby revealing products of transition between syntax and derivation, e.g. 's Müllers Peter' vs. 'der Müllers Peter' vs. 'der Müller Peter'. So far, such transitions have been only described historically for written documents. With dialectal names, prosodic features of spoken language such as main stress (der ‘Müller Peter vs. s Müllers ‘Peter) can be incorporated in a comprehensive study.Constructional variation within the stems of particular dialects is also to be considered sociopragmatically, exploring social distinctions sedimenting in the use of these forms: the sociopragmatic conditioning of different constructions mirrors social relations, e.g. social proximity and distance. So far, it can be said that such distinctions especially occur when referring to female persons in distinct stages of their lives (e.g. genitive phrases referring to young women as inalienable possession). To explore this variation, direct survey methods as well as indirect ones using secondary data (such as dialect grammars) are combined in a mixed methods approach. The interviews also integrate and test formats from social sciences such as focus groups. The analyses follow a bottom-up approach, drawing generalizations from the collected data and testing theoretical assumptions in a second step. It is important that the subject is treated as soon as possible, since it can be said for many of these dialectal systems (as of other rural dialect features), that they are already reduced to the active repertoire of older speakers deeply rooted in their place of residence.

该项目系统地探讨了德国方言中非官方人名的语法结构和社会语用变化，这一主题目前仅存在初步研究。非官方个人名定义为名字和姓氏的组合，分别为非官方姓氏，例如“der Müller Peter”、“Meiers Rita”或“Schulten Hein”。它们最好用在农村社区的紧密社交网络中，以指代缺席的所指对象。这些名称的特点是在方言之间以及一种方言的个别系统内存在广泛的结构差异。迄今为止，无论是地理差异还是调节这种变化的结构和社会语用方面都没有得到充分的探讨。从历史语言学和语法理论的角度来看，同名结构的结构在几个方面都很有趣。这一次，它们成为德国方言中所有格的最后保留。因此，它们的区域变化形成了所有格逐渐减少的重要静止图像。另外，人名前的定冠词的语法化可以通过方言名称来观察和分析。 另一方面，从共时性的角度来看，变体代表了句法短语和复合词之间不同的中间阶段，从而揭示了句法和派生之间过渡的产物，例如： '穆勒彼得' vs. '德穆勒彼得' vs. '德穆勒彼得'。到目前为止，这种转变仅在历史上以书面文件的形式被描述过。通过方言名称，口语的韵律特征，例如主重音（der ‘Müller Peter vs. s Müllers ‘Peter），可以纳入综合研究中。特定方言词干内的结构变异也可以从社会语用学的角度来考虑，探索在这些形式的使用中沉淀的社会差异：不同结构的社会语用条件反映了社会关系，例如社会接近度和距离。到目前为止，可以说这种区别尤其出现在指称处于人生不同阶段的女性时（例如，将年轻女性称为不可剥夺的财产的属格短语）。为了探索这种变化，直接调查方法以及使用二手数据（例如方言语法）的间接调查方法被结合在混合方法中。访谈还整合和测试了社会科学的形式，例如焦点小组。分析遵循自下而上的方法，从收集的数据中得出概括，并在第二步中测试理论假设。重要的是，尽快处理这个问题，因为可以说，对于许多这些方言系统（以及其他农村方言特征）来说，它们已经沦为深深扎根于其居住地的老年说话者的活跃曲目。