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Precarious Retirement. Work and the Conduct of Life of Elderly Women

不稳定的退休生活。

基本信息

批准号：
262973838
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Irene Götz
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fakultät für Angewandte Sozialwissenschaften
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/262973838?language=en
关键词：
Precarious Retirement.Work Conduct Life

项目摘要

This exploratory study is dedicated to a vehement societal problem: the experience of precariousness of elderly women. On the one hand, it is well-known that in particular women are not sufficiently secured against poverty by old-age pensions due to gaps in their work biography and their traditional family orientation. On the other hand, their strategies of coping with poverty have not yet been subjected to detailed research. Based upon biographic case studies, this project will explore (1) in how far biographic backgrounds and social environments as well as sociopolitical dispositions enforce and shape poverty among elderly women and (2) what kind of practices and strategies they develop to cope with their everyday struggles against the threat of social descent. Social data suggest that gender-specific differences that last during life time increase and strengthen in the retirement age. Another hypothesis that informs this project is based on Pierre Bourdieus concept of different types of capital (economic, social and cultural capital). The project aims to conduct biographic interviews with elderly women in Munich and will be supplemented by participant observation in their daily life worlds and social networks. One group of interviewees who are threatened by social descent in retirement age will be found in the urban middle class milieus of the city of Munich; another group will come from a more underprivileged milieu in this city. The main question of this qualitative investigation will be in how far and how the specific combination of the different types of capital in the middle-class neighborhood on the one hand and in the underprivileged milieu on the other hand entails different conditions to cope with poverty and insecurity. The interviews will be interpreted in thickly described case studies bringing together the individual experiences and self-images and the macro-contextual societal problems and discourses by which the narratives and practices are supposedly informed. Thus, the general target of the project is to replace the often conflictive images of old age in our society, ranging from novel scenes of active ageing to scenarios of the elderly as a threat of social welfare in times of demographic change, by more differentiated and realistic views. This project wants to contribute to a deeper understanding of the various skills, tactics and strategies of women in their retirement age developing creative sources of livelihood and finding ways of making their own living and/or seeking support by relatives, neighbors and social institutions. In particular, work ethnography can provide a praxeological approach to widen the perspective, supplementing a mere analysis of social structures and backgrounds of old age poverty by investigating into forms of agency in everyday life worlds.

这项探索性研究致力于一个激烈的社会问题：老年妇女的不稳定经验。一方面，大家都知道，由于妇女的工作经历和传统的家庭取向存在差距，老年养恤金尤其不能充分保障妇女免于贫穷。另一方面，它们应对贫困的战略尚未得到详细的研究。基于传记案例研究，本项目将探讨(1)传记背景、社会环境以及社会政治倾向在多大程度上强化和塑造了老年妇女的贫困；(2)她们发展出什么样的做法和策略来应对她们与社会血统威胁的日常斗争。社会数据表明，持续一生的性别差异在退休年龄时扩大并加强。这个项目的另一个假设是基于皮埃尔·布尔迪厄斯对不同类型资本（经济、社会和文化资本）的概念。该项目旨在对慕尼黑的老年妇女进行传记采访，并将辅以对她们日常生活世界和社交网络的参与性观察。其中一组受访者在退休年龄受到社会血统的威胁，他们来自慕尼黑的城市中产阶级环境；另一个群体将来自这个城市更贫困的环境。这一定性调查的主要问题将是，在中产阶级社区和弱势环境中，不同类型的资本的具体组合在多大程度上以及如何需要不同的条件来应对贫困和不安全。这些访谈将被解释为大量描述的案例研究，将个人经历和自我形象以及宏观背景下的社会问题和话语结合在一起，通过这些叙事和实践被认为是知情的。因此，该项目的总体目标是用更有差异和更现实的观点，取代社会上对老年的矛盾形象，从积极老龄化的新场景到人口变化时期老年人对社会福利的威胁的场景。该项目希望有助于更深入地了解妇女在退休年龄的各种技能、策略和策略，这些技能、策略和策略旨在发展创造性的生计来源，寻找自己谋生的方法和/或寻求亲戚、邻居和社会机构的支持。特别是，工作人种学可以提供一种行动学方法来扩大视野，通过调查日常生活世界中的代理形式来补充对老年贫困的社会结构和背景的单纯分析。