The origin of saffron. Part 2: The role of polyploidy for saffron secondary metabolites

藏红花的产地。

• 批准号: 264351574
• 负责人: Dr. Frank R. Blattner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/264351574?language=en
• 关键词: origin; saffron.; Part; role; polyploidy

Crocus sativus is the economically most important species within Crocus. Its long stigmas are used to produce saffron, the worldwide most expensive spice. During the last three years we were able to clarify the relationships of the crop within series Crocus and could identify C. cartwrightianus, sometimes called ‘wild saffron,’ as the only progenitor involved in the formation and domestication of saffron in southern Greece. Saffron is a male-sterile segmental allotriploid that can only be propagated vegetatively, which prevents all breeding approaches. Now that the progenitor and geographic origin of saffron is clear we want to explore the role of polyploidy in the formation of the crop and screen the naturally occurring diversity of genotypes and metabolites of C. cartwrightianus and C. sativus. Starting from aromatic chemotypes, which we already identified in southern Attica, we will (i) explore the influence of ploidy change on the metabolite content and (ii) compare transcriptional differences between individuals at different ploidy levels, (iii) we will proceed with first steps towards a C. cartwrightianus draft genome, and (iv) finally analyze the population structure of the worldwide grown C. sativus cultivars to understand their relationships and adaptation to the different climate conditions they experience in their cultivation areas. With the work of this second project phase we will open up the possibility for a pre-breeding (or synthesis) program for saffron and for a better understanding of the genetic basis of its valuable properties.

番红花是鳄鱼中最重要的物种。它的较长污名用于生产藏红花，这是全球最昂贵的香料。在过去的三年中，我们能够阐明农作物在系列番红花中的关系，并可以识别出Cartwrightianus，有时称为“野藏红花”，是唯一参与希腊南部藏红花形成和驯化的祖先。藏红花是一种雄性雄性同倍化同素化同二倍体，只能进行营养繁殖，可防止所有繁殖方法。现在，藏红花的祖细胞和地理起源很明显，我们想探索多倍体在作物和筛选形成中的作用，这些基因型和cartwrightianus和C. sativus的基因型和代谢产物的自然多样性。从我们已经在阿提卡南部已经确定的芳香化学型开始，我们将（i）探索拼写变化对代谢物含量的影响，并比较（ii）比较不同倍性水平的个体之间的转录差异，（iii）我们将迈向第一步他们在耕种地区经历的不同气候条件。在第二个项目阶段的工作中，我们将为藏红花进行预生产（或合成）计划的可能性，并更好地理解其宝贵特性的遗传基础。