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Developmental Changes in Adaptive Behavior during Adolescence: The Interplay between Motivational and Cognitive Control Functioning

青春期适应性行为的发展变化：动机和认知控制功能之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
265432464
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Jutta Kray
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences (CLPS)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/265432464?language=en
关键词：
Developmental Changes Adaptive Behavior during

项目摘要

Recent neuroscientific models on cognitive development postulate a differential maturation of brain structures that have been associated with motivational/emotional processes (subcortical structures), on the one hand, and cognitive control processes (cortical structures), on the other hand. Subcortical structures are assumed to mature earlier than cortical structures, resulting in a higher sensitivity towards positive cues and feedback (incentives) during adolescence, which can in turn result in more risky behavioral decisions. The aim of the planned research proposal is to examine developmental changes in the interplay between motivational/emotional processes and cognitive control processes for the adaptive regulation of behavior. We intend to investigate developmental changes by means of a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal research design, in which four age groups (10-11 years; 12-13 years, 14-15 years und 16-17 years) will be assessed at two measurement times separated by about two years. Adaptive behavioral adjustment will be measured by the ability to flexibly switch between task-set instructions (task switching) and by the ability to relearn rules on the basis of feedback (feedback-based reversal learning). The influence of motivational processes will be examined by variations of positive and negative cues indicating gains and losses during task switching and by gains and losses following correct and incorrect responses during the learning task. Aside from behavioral measures, we will use event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate developmental changes in task-relevant processing during different phases of an action (during processing of the cue, stimulus or feedback). Our main research goals are to determine whether adolescents indeed have a greater bias towards processing positive cues and feedback information in comparison to children and young adults and how the development of adaptive behavior is modulated by motivational factors. In addition, we plan to include a number of standardized psychometric and cognitive tasks to examine the relative contribution of individual differences in cognitive and motivational control for explaining individual differences in fluid intelligence as well as their changes.

最近关于认知发展的神经科学模型假设，一方面与动机/情感过程（皮层下结构）相关的大脑结构的成熟程度不同，另一方面与认知控制过程（皮层结构）相关。皮质下结构被认为比皮质结构更早成熟，导致青春期对积极的线索和反馈（激励）更敏感，这反过来又会导致更危险的行为决定。计划的研究提案的目的是研究动机/情绪过程和认知控制过程之间的相互作用的发展变化，以适应行为的调节。我们打算通过结合横截面和纵向研究设计来研究发育变化，其中四个年龄组（10-11岁; 12-13岁，14-15岁和16-17岁）将在相隔约两年的两个测量时间进行评估。适应性行为调整将通过在任务集指令之间灵活切换的能力（任务切换）和根据反馈重新学习规则的能力（基于反馈的反向学习）来衡量。动机过程的影响将被检查的变化，积极和消极的线索，表明收益和损失在任务切换和收益和损失后，正确和不正确的反应，在学习任务。除了行为测量外，我们还将使用事件相关电位（ERP）来研究在动作的不同阶段（在处理线索，刺激或反馈期间）任务相关处理的发展变化。我们的主要研究目标是确定青少年是否真的有更大的偏见处理积极的线索和反馈信息相比，儿童和年轻的成年人，以及如何适应行为的发展是由动机因素调制。此外，我们计划包括一些标准化的心理测量和认知任务，以研究认知和动机控制的个体差异的相对贡献，以解释流体智力的个体差异及其变化。