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Synthesis of Lithium Silicides, Germanides and Stannides with Ion Exchange Materials

用离子交换材料合成硅化锂、锗化物和锡化物

基本信息

批准号：
266046744
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thomas F. Fässler
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie mit Schwerpunkt Neue Materialien
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/266046744?language=en
关键词：
Synthesis Lithium Silicides Germanides Stannides

项目摘要

For two reasons binary lithium compounds of the elements Si, Ge and Sn are interesting materials for renewable energy sources, i. e. they can serve as anode materials and as precursor materials for semiconducting Si and Ge allotropes with interesting optoelectronical properties. In preliminary experimental and theoretical studies the applicant has shown that nine-atom clusters E9 can be oxidatively coupled in solution, and that new metastable allotropes of the elements can be obtained from lithium-containing precursors. The stability of allotropes of the elements which contain nine-atom clusters has also been indicated by theoretical investigations. Materials with direct band gaps significantly increase the efficiency of solar cells. Within this project the class of lithium-containing Zintl phases with nine-atom clusters E9, which are not directly accessible so far, are to be developed systematically, starting from the heavier, better-accessible homologues by using ion exchange techniques. The successful synthesis of Li4Sn9 from K4Sn9 via this novel synthetic route for this kind of compounds by ion exchange in liquid ammonia in the course of preliminary studies serves as a proof of principle. In the following, the lithium in the resulting products should be removed oxidatively by using established methods developed in our laboratory for the delithiation of other lithium-containing compounds (e. g. Li7Ge12). This should in best-case lead to new modifications of the elements which still contain the nine atom clusters and possess direct band gaps.

由于两个原因，Si， Ge和Sn元素的二元锂化合物是可再生能源的有趣材料，即它们可以作为阳极材料和半导体Si和Ge同素异物的前驱体材料，具有有趣的光电性能。在初步的实验和理论研究中，申请人已经证明了九原子簇E9可以在溶液中氧化偶联，并且可以从含锂前体中获得新的亚稳态元素同素异形体。含有九个原子团簇的元素的同素异形体的稳定性也已由理论研究表明。具有直接带隙的材料显著提高了太阳能电池的效率。在这个项目中，含有9个原子簇E9的含锂Zintl相，目前还不能直接获得，将通过离子交换技术从更重、更容易获得的同系物开始，系统地开发。在初步研究过程中，K4Sn9通过离子交换在液氨中成功合成Li4Sn9，为这类化合物的合成提供了原理证明。在下文中，应使用我们实验室开发的用于降解其他含锂化合物（如Li7Ge12）的既定方法氧化去除所得产品中的锂。在最好的情况下，这将导致元素的新修饰，这些元素仍然包含九个原子团簇并具有直接带隙。