Smart biomaterials from protein-based composite nanofibres:Cell interaction with 3D-nanofibrous biopolymer scaffolds – a focus on mechanics

基于蛋白质的复合纳米纤维的智能生物材料：细胞与 3D 纳米纤维生物聚合物支架的相互作用 - 关注力学

• 批准号: 267326782
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Dorothea Brüggemann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fakultät 4: Elektrotechnik und Informatik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Independent Junior Research Groups
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/267326782?language=en
• 关键词: Smart; biomaterials; protein; based; composite

The multi-level hierarchical structure of natural protein composites accounts for the manifold highly specialised functions they have to fulfil within a living organism. As synthetic protein-based composites strongly resemble the natural extracellular matrix, which surrounds all living cells, they are intrinsically biocompatible and offer well-controllable cell reactions. These features can be exploited in the development of the next generation of high performance synthetic biomaterials, for instance in tissue engineering or drug delivery applications.The objective of the proposed project is to design a new class of multifunctional biomaterials from protein-based composite nanofibres. Using a simple, one-step extrusion approach with nanoporous membranes, we will prepare nanofibrous protein composites under physiological conditions with different hierarchical levels. This efficient method will allow us to create novel types of protein composites with different organic, inorganic and synthetic components in the nanofibres, which can mimic the properties of the natural cellular environment more closely than existing biomaterials. On the way towards this aim we will explore how we can adjust the composition and dimension of such novel protein composites on the nanoscale. We will also study how the hierarchical fibre assembly and the resulting composite functions can be controlled on a microscopic level. Hereby, an important aspect will be the biological functionality of the various composites, which will be examined on a molecular and cellular level. Furthermore, we will explore how the extrusion process can be expanded to facilitate the preparation of macroscopic biomaterials for use as tissue engineering scaffolds or drug carriers.The results of this project will help to develop novel smart biomaterials from protein composite nanofibres with precisely controllable multifunctionality, biological activity and stimuli responsiveness.

天然蛋白质复合物的多层次结构解释了它们在生物体内必须履行的多种高度专业化的功能。由于合成的基于蛋白质的复合材料与包围所有活细胞的天然细胞外基质非常相似，因此它们具有内在的生物相容性，并提供良好可控的细胞反应。这些特性可以用于开发下一代高性能合成生物材料，例如在组织工程或药物输送应用中，该项目的目标是从蛋白质基复合纳米纤维设计一类新的多功能生物材料。使用一个简单的，一步挤出的方法与纳米多孔膜，我们将制备纳米纤维蛋白复合材料在生理条件下具有不同的层次。这种有效的方法将使我们能够在纳米纤维中创建具有不同有机，无机和合成成分的新型蛋白质复合材料，它可以比现有的生物材料更接近地模拟天然细胞环境的特性。在实现这一目标的过程中，我们将探索如何在纳米级上调整这种新型蛋白质复合材料的组成和尺寸。我们还将研究如何在微观水平上控制分层纤维组装和由此产生的复合功能。因此，一个重要的方面将是各种复合材料的生物功能性，这将在分子和细胞水平上进行检查。此外，我们将探索如何将挤出过程扩展到制备宏观生物材料，用于组织工程支架或药物载体，本项目的结果将有助于开发新型智能生物材料，这些材料由蛋白质复合纳米纤维制成，具有精确可控的多功能性，生物活性和刺激响应性。