Testing for non-adaptive radiations in European spring snails

欧洲春蜗牛的非适应性辐射测试

• 批准号: 27030111
• 负责人: Dr. Martin Brändle
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: ArbeitsgruppeTierökologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/27030111?language=en
• 关键词: Testing; non; adaptive; radiations; European

Recently, there has been an increased interest in the study of radiations. However, whereas one form of radiation ¿ adaptive radiation ¿ has been studied extensively, another form ¿ non-adaptive radiation ¿ is discussed controversially and poorly understood. In fact, the concept of non-adaptive radiation (i.e., diversification not accompanied by adaptation into various niches and resulting in a group of allopatric species) is rejected by some workers. Although specific and testable criteria have been proposed for this radiation, they have never been tested in a comprehensive and rigorous statistical fashion, partly because many radiations in continental animal groups (particularly in Europe) have been largely affected by human impact. A possible exception is the European spring snail genus Bythinella; a large monophyletic group with several proposed radiations that is distributed throughout the continent, yet only little affected by human impact. Moreover, its presumed lack of morphological and niche differentiation makes it an ideal candidate for studying non-adaptive radiations. Based on extensive morphological, genetic, and ecological data, the goals of the current projects are to identify radiations, to test the previously proposed criteria for nonadaptive radiation and to test for potential gradual differences between adaptive and nonadaptive radiations.

最近，人们对辐射的研究越来越感兴趣。然而，尽管一种形式的辐射<$适应性辐射<$已被广泛研究，另一种形式的<$非适应性辐射<$讨论有争议，了解甚少。事实上，非适应性辐射的概念（即，多样性不伴随着适应不同的生态位，并导致一组异地物种）被一些工人拒绝。虽然已经提出了具体的和可测试的标准，这种辐射，他们从来没有被测试在一个全面和严格的统计方式，部分原因是许多辐射在大陆动物群体（特别是在欧洲）已在很大程度上受到人类的影响。一个可能的例外是欧洲春螺属Bythinella;一个大型的单系群，有几个建议的辐射，分布在整个大陆，但几乎没有受到人类影响。此外，其假定缺乏形态和生态位分化，使其成为研究非适应辐射的理想候选者。基于广泛的形态学，遗传学和生态学数据，目前的项目的目标是识别辐射，测试先前提出的非适应性辐射的标准，并测试适应性和非适应性辐射之间的潜在逐渐差异。