Minor Castles as Phenomenom of Social and Territorial Change. The Examples of Schleswig and Holstein (13th to 16th Century)

小城堡作为社会和领土变化的现象。

• 批准号: 270151878
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Oliver Auge
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Historisches Seminar
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/270151878?language=en
• 关键词: Minor; Castles; Phenomenom; Social; Territorial

The transition from the High to the Late Middle Ages is characterized by several changes in society, which, when applied to the lower nobility, might be described as a consolidation of reign from below. Since the increasing quantity of minor castles of the lower nobility during the 13th century is the major evidence for these changes, the correlations between the emergence and spread of minor castles and the genesis and transformation of the lower nobility have to be examined. This is preferably ensured by area studies, since in this way, referring to Ludwig Petry (unlimited within limits), it is possible to gather most of the available sources regarding this subject, whereas their interpretation allows statements beyond the scope of the single example.The project aims at systematically examining these reciprocal interdependencies by reference to Schleswig and Holstein, since the nobility played a vital role particularly in these regions. Based on 1.5 years of intensive preliminary studies, the project with its 2 staff members on a 65% basis is laid out for 3 years and split into 3 work stages. Quality control is ensured by a scientific advisory board. During the first stage, the research project is concerned with gathering information about the approx. 300 castle grounds existing within the regions as well as about the persons related to them, based on written or tangible sources (f.i. toponyms, documents, or seal stamps). During the 2nd stage, the respective findings will systematically be related to each other. Questions about the function of these minor castles as well as about the position of the persons related to them within the emerging territorial sovereignty will be raised. This leads to a clearer understanding of the yet rarely examined phenomenon of the lower nobility of these regions, and furthermore grants access to the still unsettled debate on ministeriales. In the course of the 3rd stage, one monograph for each area is made up in due consideration of a comparative leading question. Both works are to be seen as a move towards both a reassessment of the lower nobility north of the Elbe, currently conceptualized by the applicant, and a classical castle compendium.Since Schleswig and Holstein are corresponding to both Denmark and the Holy Roman Empire, the project inherently is internationally oriented, which reflects in transboundary cooperations. The significant structural and legal differences provide ideal conditions to contrast minor castles in Schleswig with those in Holstein. Especially the ongoing migration of the Holstein nobility towards Schleswig beginning in the 14th century, the associated effects on the nobility already existing in Schleswig, and the backlashes on Holstein have to be taken into account. The research project, the first of its kind, gives reason to expect findings, whose relevance far exceeds the area considered, since it is embedded in a European context and can thus be applied to similar regions.

从中世纪晚期到中世纪晚期的过渡，其特点是社会发生了几次变化，当这些变化适用于下层贵族时，可以被描述为统治从下而上的巩固。由于13世纪下层贵族小城堡数量的增加是这些变化的主要证据，因此必须考察小城堡的出现和传播与下层贵族的起源和转变之间的关系。这最好通过区域研究来确保，因为这样，参考路德维希·佩特里（Ludwig Petry）（在限制内无限），有可能收集关于这个问题的大多数可用的来源，而他们的解释允许超越单一例子的范围的陈述。该项目的目的是通过参考石勒苏益格和荷尔斯泰因，系统地研究这些相互依存关系，因为贵族在这些地区扮演着重要角色。基于1.5年的深入初步研究，该项目由2名工作人员组成，占65%，为期3年，分为3个工作阶段。质量控制由一个科学咨询委员会负责。在第一阶段，该研究项目涉及收集有关近似的信息。根据书面或有形资料（例如：地名、文件或印章）。在第二阶段，各个调查结果将系统地相互关联。将提出关于这些小城堡的功能以及与它们有关的人在新出现的领土主权中的地位的问题。这导致了对这些地区的下层贵族现象的更清晰的理解，但很少被研究，并赠款了对ministeriales仍然悬而未决的辩论。在第三阶段的过程中，每个领域的一本专著是在适当考虑一个比较领先的问题。这两件作品都被视为是对易北河以北的下层贵族的重新评估，目前由申请人概念化，以及一个古典城堡纲要。由于石勒苏益格和荷尔斯泰因都对应于丹麦和神圣罗马帝国，该项目本身就具有国际性，这反映在跨界合作中。结构和法律的差异为比较石勒苏益格和荷尔斯泰因的小城堡提供了理想的条件。特别是14世纪开始的荷尔斯泰因贵族向石勒苏益格的持续迁移，对已经存在于石勒苏益格的贵族的相关影响，以及对荷尔斯泰因的反冲，都必须考虑在内。这是第一个此类研究项目，有理由期待其相关性远远超过所考虑领域的研究结果，因为它是在欧洲背景下进行的，因此可以适用于类似地区。