In-situ Spectroscopic Investigations of High Energy Li-S Batteries Based on New Carbon Cathodes

基于新型碳阴极的高能锂硫电池的原位光谱研究

• 批准号: 273723695
• 负责人: Dr. Burkhard Beckhoff
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden (IPF)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/273723695?language=en
• 关键词: situ; Spectroscopic; Investigations; Energy; Li

The successful design of Li-S batteries with high energy density has the challenging perspective to significantly improve existing battery technology and to boost the development of environmentally friendly automotive development. Li-S batteries could triple the energy density of existing Li-ion batteries combined with high reversibility of fast charging-discharging cycles and lifetime of thousands of cycles. Recently, based on novel approaches for battery design we have been able to develop Li-S test cells with relatively high energy density and stability over 50 cycles. There are, however still problems to be solved related to the insulating nature of active sulfur, polysulfide dissolution and redox shuttle phenomena, volume expansion, electrode passivation by sulfides etc. that limits the performance of Li-S batteries. In this project we will develop novel composite cathodes, protective membranes and new electrolytes which will allow improvement of the performance of Li-S batteries. Due to the complex nature of ongoing processes we believe that systematic and basic studies of charging and discharging processes are necessary. Therefore, we propose to use sophisticated characterisation techniques, i.e. near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and electron spin resonance, where chemical modifications at different locations inside the cell during charging and discharging may be followed in situ and radical formation is detected. Thus, elemental sulfur and in particular polysulfide distribution and kinetics will be determined, allowing specific optimisation of the cells. In our multidisciplinary consortium, development of new polymer-based porous cathode materials, formulation of advanced electrolytes and optimisation electrochemical performance at experimental and theoretical levels will be realised by the combined efforts of the three partners. Application aspects will be discussed in close contact with a leading battery producing company.

具有高能量密度的LI-S电池的成功设计具有挑战性的观点，可以显着改善现有的电池技术并增强环保汽车开发的开发。 Li-S电池可以将现有锂离子电池的能量密度与快速充电周期的高可逆性和数千个循环的寿命相结合。最近，基于电池设计的新方法，我们能够开发出在50个周期内具有相对较高的能量密度和稳定性的LI-S测试单元。但是，仍有问题要解决的问题与活性硫，多硫化物溶解和氧化还原班车现象的绝缘性质有关，体积膨胀，硫化物的电极钝化等限制了Li-S电池的性能。在这个项目中，我们将开发新型的复合阴极，保护膜和新电解质，以改善LI-S电池的性能。由于正在进行的过程的复杂性质，我们认为需要进行充电和放电过程的系统和基础研究。因此，我们建议使用复杂的表征技术，即近边缘X射线吸收细胞（Nexafs）光谱，拉曼光谱和电子自旋共振，在充电和放电过程中，可以检测到在充电和放电过程中，在这些位置进行了化学修饰，并且可以检测到原位和激进的形成。因此，将确定元素硫，特别是多硫化物分布和动力学，从而可以对细胞进行特定的优化。在我们的多学科财团中，将通过三个合作伙伴的综合努力来实现基于聚合物的多孔阴极材料的开发，高级电解质的配方以及实验和理论水平上的优化电化学性能。将与领先的电池生产公司密切接触申请方面。