Antropogenic and natural induced coastal environmental change in southern Italian during the last 5 millenia.

过去五千年里，人为和自然引起的意大利南部沿海环境变化。

• 批准号: 273892759
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Karin Zonneveld
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Mikropaläontologie - Paläozeanographie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/273892759?language=en
• 关键词: Antropogenic; natural; induced; coastal; environmental

This project focuses on the history of human activity and its impact on the marine coastal ecosystem. We will study the downcore marine sedimentary pollen/spores and charcoal content to establishing high temporal resolution reconstructions in vegetation and key aspects of anthropogenic impact including agricultural, industrial and fire activity. Changes the sedimentary dinoflagellate cysts composition will be used to reconstruct past marine environmental conditions including upper water trophic conditions and bottom water redox conditions.Insight in the natural and anthropogenic character of the variability will be gained by comparison with archeological and historical information and with instrumental data available in (online) databases such as the world-wide longest instrumental data series of Po-river discharge and central Italian air temperature. Furthermore we will compare the results with information of potential natural steering factors such as solar insolation, volcanic activity and variability in for the region relevant climate modes (e.g. the North Atlantic Oscillation). We will test the downcore variability in palynological signals on its cyclic character using frequency and wavelet analyses. For the project sedimentary archives of a unique high quality are available. An extensive set of marine and river mouth surface sediment samples along the western and southern Italian coast form the basis for a detailed calibration and tuning of the proxies to modern day environmental, oceanographic/aquatic, anthropogenic and climatic conditions and to obtain information about the river-specific palynological composition of the sediment load. Additional to this, dinoflagellate cyst based transfer methods will be further developed to enable the quantification of past marine environmental conditions.Laminated sediment archives from coastal southwestern Italian marine locations that can be studied with a sample resolution of one sample every three years will be investigated. These archives are located downwind the South Italian volcanoes ensuring the establishment of robust and independent tephrochronology supported chronologies. Initial focus of investigation are time intervals of large environmental and climate change, such as the pre-industrial - industrial transition (last 200 years), the Little Ice Age, the Medieval Climate Anomaly, the Roman Climate Optimum and the Homeric Transition.

该项目侧重于人类活动的历史及其对海洋沿海生态系统的影响。我们将研究海底沉积物的花粉/孢子和木炭含量，以建立植被的高时间分辨率重建和人为影响的关键方面，包括农业、工业和火灾活动。沉积鞭毛藻囊组成的变化将用于重建过去的海洋环境条件，包括上层水体的营养条件和底层水体的氧化还原条件。通过与考古和历史信息以及（在线）数据库中可用的仪器数据（如世界上最长的po河流量和意大利中部气温仪器数据系列）进行比较，可以深入了解变率的自然和人为特征。此外，我们将把结果与潜在的自然导向因素的信息进行比较，如太阳日照、火山活动和该地区相关气候模式（如北大西洋涛动）的变化。我们将使用频率和小波分析来测试孢粉信号的下核变异性的循环特征。对于该项目，沉积档案具有独特的高质量。沿着意大利西部和南部海岸的一套广泛的海洋和河口表面沉积物样本构成了详细校准和调整现代环境，海洋学/水生，人为和气候条件的代用物的基础，并获得有关沉积物负荷的河流特定孢粉组成的信息。除此之外，还将进一步发展基于鞭毛藻囊的转移方法，以便对过去的海洋环境条件进行量化。将调查来自意大利西南部沿海海洋位置的层状沉积物档案，这些档案可以每三年研究一个样本的样本分辨率。这些档案位于意大利南部火山的下风处，确保了强大而独立的温度年代学支持年代学的建立。最初的调查重点是环境和气候大变化的时间间隔，如前工业-工业过渡（最近200年）、小冰期、中世纪气候异常、罗马气候最佳期和荷马过渡。