Light elements in the core of a habitable Earth

宜居地球核心的轻元素

• 批准号: 276313641
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Leonid Dubrovinsky
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Bayerisches Forschungsinstitut für Experimentelle Geochemie und Geophysik (BGI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/276313641?language=en
• 关键词: Light; elements; core; habitable; Earth

Important information about the formation of our planet and how it became habitable may be hidden under our feet in the deep Earth, namely in the core. The nature and abundance of light elements (particularly C, Si, O or S) are closely related to planet formation and the geodynamo that protects life on the Earth s surface from the destructive effects of the solar wind, and are crucial parameters in understanding the evolution of the Earth s atmosphere. Systematic experimental data on alloys and compounds of iron with potential light element(s) at Earth s core conditions (multi-megabar pressures and temperatures over 3000 K) are either limited, inconsistent, or absent. The goal of the project is to study the phase relations and thermoelastic properties of phases in the binary Fe-L (L=Si, O, S, C) systems using novel in situ single crystal X-ray diffraction in laser heated diamond anvil cells. We will obtain information crucial for understanding the chemical differentiation of the Earth to contain a metal core, modelling the past and present history of the core, and the effect of core formation on the development of a habitable planet. Special attention will be focused on investigations of the following compounds: FeO, Fe3C, Fe7C3, Fe3S, Fe2S, FeS, Fe3Si, and FeSi. In addition to X-ray diffraction methods, samples will be studied by multiple complementary techniques (Moessbauer, Raman and infrared spectroscopies, TEM, SEM, microprobe analysis, etc.).

关于地球的形成以及它如何变得适合居住的重要信息可能隐藏在我们脚下的地球深处，即地核。轻元素（特别是C、Si、O或S）的性质和丰度与行星的形成和地球动力密切相关，地球动力保护地球表面的生命免受太阳风的破坏性影响，是理解地球大气演变的关键参数。在地核条件下（几兆巴压力和超过3000 K的温度）含潜在轻元素铁的合金和化合物的系统实验数据要么有限，要么不一致，要么缺乏。该项目的目的是研究二元Fe-L （L=Si， O， S， C）体系的相关系和相的热弹性性质，使用激光加热金刚石砧细胞的新型原位单晶x射线衍射。我们将获得对理解地球的化学分化至关重要的信息，以包含一个金属核心，模拟过去和现在的核心历史，以及核心形成对宜居行星发展的影响。特别关注以下化合物的研究：FeO， Fe3C, Fe7C3, Fe3S, Fe2S, FeS， Fe3Si和FeSi。除了x射线衍射方法外，样品将通过多种互补技术（Moessbauer， Raman和红外光谱，TEM， SEM，微探针分析等）进行研究。