Part of a Carolingian polycentric monastery: Reichenau-Niederzell - The medieval church and its liturgical setting

康斯坦茨湖赖兴瑙岛上的教堂是欧洲中世纪早期和中世纪盛期最著名的修道院之一。过去几年的研究表明，那个时期的修道院似乎必须由几个独立的教堂和单独的部分组成，以满足修道院、捐助者和教区的不同需要。这些部分构成了一个网络，为僧侣和捐赠者提供礼拜仪式、纪念和代表功能，他们的家庭构成了中欧的精英。没有一个多中心的修道院建筑群保存得如此完好，部分已经被彻底检查过了。1984年至2012年间，对主要修道院Mittelzell和Oberzell圣乔治大学教堂的建筑历史进行的考古研究取得了开创性的成果，其中重要的部分已经发表。从1970年到1976年，尼德泽尔的圣彼得和保罗前大学教堂（建于799年）被挖掘出来。尽管这个挖掘项目是在赖兴瑙地区唯一一个在这种程度上的现代挖掘项目，它的计划和执行都是在最高标准下进行的，但结果还有待分析。特别注意的是加洛林合唱团屏幕的重要片段。这种分析不仅将为建筑特定的考古或艺术史问题提供答案，而且还将深入了解中世纪早期修道院的礼仪多样性、区域差异、空间组织和非常复杂的结构历史。因此，这些结果将是中世纪研究许多领域的基础研究。

The churches on the island Reichenau in Lake Constance are part of one of the most prominent monasteries of the Early and High Middle Ages in Europe. Research in the last few years has shown that it seems to be essential for monasteries of that period to be composed of several separate churches and individual parts, serving the different needs of convent, benefactors and the parish. These parts constitute a network providing liturgical, memorial and representative functions for monks and donators whose families formed the middle-European elite. There is no polycentric monastery complex so well preserved and in parts already thoroughly examined as the one on Reichenau. Archeological research on the building history of the main monastery, Mittelzell, and the collegiate church of St. George in Oberzell over the years 1984-2012 has led to seminal results, in important parts already published.From 1970 to 1976 the former collegiate church of St. Peter and Paul in Niederzell, founded in 799, has been excavated. Even though this excavation project, which was and still is the only modern excavation of this extent on Reichenau, was well planned and executed under the highest standards, the results have yet to be analyzed. Special attention will be given the significant fragment of Carolingian choir screens. This analysis will not only provide answers to building-specific archaeological or art historical questions but as well give insights into the liturgical diversity, regional differentiation, spatial organization and the history of the very complex structure of an exemplary early-medieval monastery. The results will therefore be fundamental to research in many fields of medieval studies.