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Rapid visual stability for action

动作快速视觉稳定性

基本信息

批准号：
278648926
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Heiner Deubel
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Cognitive Psychology
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/278648926?language=en
关键词：
Rapid visual stability action

项目摘要

About 3-5 times each second we make fast eye movements called saccades in order to examine the world around us. Saccades are necessary to bring the fovea, the part of the retina with the highest acuity, to different areas of a visual scene. However, such manner of exploration poses significant challenges since the locations of objects on the retina change every time we move our eyes. Nevertheless, typically we do not experience that objects shift their positions during saccades and the world is perceived as a coherent and stable whole. More than a century scientists have been working on this intriguing and at the same time fundamental problem in vision. Some of the theories put more weight on the role of extra-retinal signals (e.g. the efferent copy), while others emphasize the role of visual information after saccade. Some theories propose that spatiotopic representations are not default and emerge only if relevant for the task. The way to understand these controversial findings is to assume a difference in visual stability for action and visual stability for perception. This is similar to a previously made distinction between representations for perception and for action. The current project proposes a novel theoretical approach, suggesting that rapid spatiotopic representations are primarily formed and used by the motor system, since they are critical for interaction with the objects despite the intervening saccades and are less critical for perception.

我们每秒大约有3-5次快速的眼球运动，称为扫视，目的是观察我们周围的世界。眼球扫视是将视网膜中视力最高的部分中心凹带到视觉场景的不同区域所必需的。然而，这种探索方式带来了巨大的挑战，因为每次我们移动眼睛时，视网膜上物体的位置都会改变。然而，我们通常不会体验到物体在扫视过程中移动它们的位置，世界被认为是一个连贯和稳定的整体。一个多世纪以来，科学家们一直在研究这一耐人寻味的同时也是视觉上的基本问题。一些理论更重视视网膜外信号(例如传出信号)的作用，而另一些理论则强调眼跳后视觉信息的作用。一些理论认为，空间表征不是默认的，只有在与任务相关的情况下才会出现。理解这些有争议的发现的方法是假设动作的视觉稳定性和感知的视觉稳定性不同。这类似于之前对知觉和行动的表征之间的区别。目前的项目提出了一种新的理论方法，认为快速空间表征主要由运动系统形成和使用，因为它们对于与对象的交互至关重要，尽管存在眼跳，但对感知不那么关键。