Passive sampling and passive dosing- an innovative approach for the combined chemical and biological analysis of hydrophobic organic pollutants sediment porewater of marine systems

拟议项目旨在开发创新指标，以便对海洋生态系统中沉积物污染物的污染和风险潜力进行空间结构描述和评估。该项目将首次获得疏水性有机污染物孔隙水浓度的毒性数据，其不确定度大大降低，将结果与化学分析直接相关，并使用目标分析物的人工混合物验证结果。这将通过采用基于固相微萃取(SPME)的原位平衡采样器(被动式采样器)来实现，以用于海洋生态系统中疏水性有机化合物的研究。然后，携带采样污染物混合物的PDMS中空纤维将直接用作小规模生物测试系统中的被动给药阶段。由于不需要提取纤维，因此显著降低了改变原始物质组成的风险。因此，所得数据对现场实际污染情况具有很强的代表性。随后，分析的混合物将被重新组装，并在测试系统中使用被动剂量的浓度系列进行测试，以得出浓度-反应曲线。结合污染物分布和积累的结果，将有可能估计与沉积物结合的污染物造成的风险(混合物毒性)。这种实际的毒性数据，结合关于化合物分布的知识，并与沉积物参数相关联，是得出波罗的海水域良好环境状况的可靠指标的良好基础。

The proposed project aims at the development of innovative indicators to allow for a spatially structured description and assessment of the pollution and the risk potential of sediment-bound contaminants in marine ecosystems.For the first time the project will obtain toxicity data for the pore water concentrations of hydrophobic organic pollutants with largely reduced uncertainty, directly correlate the results with chemical analysis and verify the findings using artificial mixtures of the target analytes. This will be achieved by adaptation of an in situ equlibrium sampler (passive sampler) based on solid phase microextraction (SPME) for the investigation of hydrophobic organic compounds in marine ecosystems. The PDMS hollow fibers carrying the sampled pollutant mixtures will then be directly applied as passive dosing phases in small-scale biotest systems. As hence no extraction of the fibers is necessary, the risk to alter the original substance composition is significantly reduced. Thus, resulting data are highly representative for the actual pollution on-site. Subsequently, the analysed mixture will be reassembled and tested with concentration series using passive dosing in the test systems to derive concentration-response curves. Together with results on the distribution and accumulation of the contaminants an estimation of the risk due to sediment-bound pollutants will be possible (mixture toxicity).Such realistic toxicity data in combination with knowledge on the distribution of the compounds and correlated with sediment parameters are a good foundation to derive reliable indicators for a good environmental state of Baltic Sea waters.