Cross-linguistic variation in grammaticalization processes and areal patterns of grammaticalization

语法标记和语法结构随时间的发展是语法化研究的对象，已成为语言学的一个重要领域。尽管如此，对世界各语言语法化过程进行系统比较的类型学研究相对较少。此外，大多数方法理所当然地认为，这些过程及其结果在跨语言方面具有相同的属性。本研究从以下三个假设出发：(1)语法化发生在一定的跨语言变异范围内(W.r.t.Lehmann 1995中的参数，语用学的关联性和重新分析的作用)，(Ii)这种变化遵循区域模式，(Iii)如果考虑到结构细节，语法化理论的预测力将会提高。为了验证这些假设，它将与世界各地不同语言家族和地区的约30名历时语言学领域的顶尖专家合作。结果将通过编辑后的卷和一个数据库提供给语言界。这一卷将包括每个专家在一般调查表/清单之后的一章，以及关于假设的系统概括的介绍性一章。该数据库将作为对CLLD(跨语言链接数据)系列的贡献在网上公布(Haspelath等人)。

The development of grammatical markers and grammatical structures through time is the object of research on grammaticalization and has become an important field of linguistics. In spite of this, the number of typological studies that systematically compare processes of grammaticalization across the languages of the world is relatively small. Moreover, most approaches take it for granted that these processes and their results have the same properties cross-linguistically. The present project starts out from the three hypotheses that (i) grammaticalization takes place within a certain range of cross-linguistic variation (w.r.t. the parameters in Lehmann 1995, the relevance of pragmatics and the role of reanalysis), (ii) that this variation follows areal patterns and (iii) that the predictive power of grammaticalization theories will improve if constructional details are taken into account. To check these hypotheses, it will cooperate with about 30 leading experts in diachronic linguistics of different language families and areas across the world. The results will be made accessible to the linguistic community by an edited volume and a database. The volume will include a chapter by each of the experts that follows a general questionnaire/checklist and an introductory chapter that presents systematic generalizations concerning the hypotheses. The database will be published online as a contribution to the CLLD (Cross-Linguistic Linked Data) series (Haspelmath et al.).