The Visualization of the Political in German Illustrated Magazines, 1905 - 1945

德国画报杂志中的政治形象，1905 年至 1945 年

• 批准号: 279723139
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Konrad Dussel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/279723139?language=en
• 关键词: Visualization; Political; German; Illustrated; Magazines

The significance of images in the process of communicating political issues is undisputed. Yet little is known of the use of visual images in the media in the first half of the twentieth century. The objective of this project is to empirically examine decades of continuity and change in the visual political communication and to characterize their political dimensions.The beginnings of a trend away from the primacy of the words, towards the intrinsic value of a photo or image emerge in the reporting of this age. These decades mark a completely new era in the history of images. The photographic image became the core element of mass produced and distributed media, especially illustrated magazines and film industry glossies. Yet the question it begs has not yet been answered by research, namely, to what extent and in which form political issues in the first half of the 20th century were shown in newspaper and magazine illustrations. The relevance of magazines for conveying visual political content cannot be underestimated, because in those years they had almost no competition.The planned project aims to research the beginnings and development of visual political communication of the day in a comprehensive survey for the years 1905 - 1945. The focus of the research is a comparison of political illustrations from five different historical periods, under two aspects: First, among different political systems of the constitutional monarchy of the late German empire, the democracy of the Weimar Republic, and the totalitarian dictatorship of the National Socialists; and second, between times of war and peace in the empire and dictatorship between WWI and WWII. The question is how political topics were illustrated in each of these periods and what role these topics played in visual communication in general. Building on the concept of visual framing, the research will provide a standardized analysis of the content from approximately 25,000 photos from three different magazines between the years 1905 to 1945. This analysis will take into account all photos in three issues of both spring and autumn of each year. Those images with political content - however it may be construed - will then be the object of a deeper codification, permitting not only descriptive statemente about the use of pictures over the period ot time, but also the determination of visual frames and assignement of numbers according to messages in the pictures in this historical period.

图像在传达政治问题过程中的重要性是无可争议的。然而，人们对二十世纪上半叶媒体中视觉图像的使用知之甚少。该项目的目标是实证检验视觉政治传播数十年的连续性和变化，并描述其政治维度。这个时代的报道中出现了一种趋势，从文字的首要地位转向照片或图像的内在价值。这几十年标志着图像史上一个全新的时代。摄影图像成为大规模生产和分发媒体的核心元素，特别是插图杂志和电影工业杂志。然而它所引发的问题尚未得到研究的解答，即20世纪上半叶的政治问题在多大程度上、以何种形式在报纸和杂志插图中表现出来。杂志在传达视觉政治内容方面的重要性不可低估，因为在那些年里它们几乎没有竞争。本次计划的项目旨在对1905年至1945年期间视觉政治传播的起源和发展进行全面调查。研究的重点是对五个不同历史时期的政治插图进行比较，分两个方面：第一，在德意志帝国晚期君主立宪制的不同政治制度中，德意志帝国的民主政治 魏玛共和国和国家社会主义者的极权独裁；第二，帝国的战争与和平时期以及第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战之间的独裁时期。问题是每个时期如何阐释政治主题以及这些主题在视觉传达中发挥什么作用。基于视觉框架的概念，该研究将对 1905 年至 1945 年间来自三本不同杂志的约 25,000 张照片的内容进行标准化分析。该分析将考虑每年春秋三期的所有照片。那些带有政治内容的图像——无论如何解释——将成为更深层次编纂的对象，不仅允许对一段时间内图像的使用进行描述性陈述，而且还可以根据该历史时期图像中的信息确定视觉框架和数字分配。