Highly efficient porous electrodes of nanocrystalline metal-metalloid-powder coatings through short-time sintering

通过短时间烧结制备纳米晶金属-非金属粉末涂层的高效多孔电极

• 批准号: 280304894
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Bernd Kieback
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Standort Dresden
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/280304894?language=en
• 关键词: Highly; efficient; porous; electrodes; nanocrystalline

The alkaline electrolysis of water is considered as a key technology for the hydrogen production at large-scale to fulfill a carbon-free energy circle. In order to enhance the efficiency and thereby the economy of such facilities, the consistent further development of all system components and, in particular, the electrode materials and their production processes are needed. In this regard, highly efficient electrodes require a good mechanical stability, a well-defined porous sample surface as well as a high intrinsic electrocatalytic activity. The latter requirement can be obtained by a suitable chemical composition and a nanocrystalline state which exhibits a high density of surface defects. Particularly, amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe- and Ni-base alloys with additives of Co, Mo, Si, B show excellent electrocatalytic activity. In this regard, the short-time sintering technology, spark plasma sintering (SPS/FAST), can be used to manufacture nanocrystalline metallic semi-finished products by saving time and resources. Furthermore, it is established that rough and porous surfaces improve the efficiency of the electrode due to a high active surface area and an optimized management of gas bubbles.In this DFG-project it is planned to utilize the SPS/FAST technology for thin layer coatings with a porous and nanocrystalline structure, which are bonded on a metallic substrate. This offers the opportunity to realize highly efficient, gas-generating electrodes in accordance with the application to be fulfilled. Electrocatalytic active coatings which consist of nanocrystalline metal-metalloid-powders (MMP) with a defined thickness and porosity will be synthesized, which shall combine the advantage of nanocrystalline materials and rough, porous surface structures together with a good mechanical stability. The focus will be the better understanding of the short-time sintering behavior and the evolution of the structural properties of the MMP-coating (grain size, porosity, phase formation and formation of sintering necks), which will be investigated by a systematic variation of the sintering parameters (pressure, temperature, heating rate and holding time). Furthermore, the mechanical stability of the interface between the coating and substrate will be evaluated. Based on this, the electrocatalytic activity as well as the long-term stability of the sintered MMP-coating-substrate-composite in dependence on the structural properties of the MMP-coating will be investigated. From the structural-properties relationship of the MMP-substrate composites valuable conclusions for highly efficient and long-term stable electrode materials for sustainable water electrolysis but also for other electrochemical processes of gas production will be deduced.

碱性电解水被认为是实现无碳能源循环、大规模制氢的关键技术。为了提高这种设备的效率并由此提高其经济性，需要对所有系统部件，特别是电极材料及其生产工艺进行持续的进一步开发。在这方面，高效的电极需要良好的机械稳定性、良好限定的多孔样品表面以及高的固有电催化活性。后一个要求可以通过合适的化学组成和表现出高密度表面缺陷的纳米晶体状态来获得。特别是添加Co、Mo、Si、B的非晶和纳米晶Fe基和Ni基合金显示出优异的电催化活性。在这方面，短时间烧结技术，放电等离子体烧结（SPS/FAST），可用于制造纳米晶金属半成品，节省时间和资源。此外，粗糙和多孔的表面可以提高电极的效率，因为它具有高的活性表面积和对气泡的优化管理。在DFG项目中，计划利用SPS/FAST技术在金属基底上形成具有多孔和纳米晶结构的薄层涂层。这提供了根据待实现的应用实现高效气体发生电极的机会。电催化活性涂层是由具有一定厚度和孔隙率的纳米晶金属-类金属粉末（MMP）组成的，它将纳米晶材料的优点和粗糙多孔的表面结构与良好的机械稳定性联合收割机结合在一起。重点将是更好地理解的短时间的烧结行为和MMP涂层的结构性能（晶粒尺寸，孔隙率，相形成和烧结颈的形成）的演变，这将是一个系统的烧结参数（压力，温度，加热速率和保持时间）的变化进行研究。此外，还将评价涂层和基材之间界面的机械稳定性。基于此，将研究取决于MMP涂层的结构性质的烧结MMP涂层-基底-复合物的电催化活性以及长期稳定性。从MMP-基材复合材料的结构-性能关系中，将推导出用于可持续水电解的高效和长期稳定的电极材料以及用于气体生产的其他电化学过程的有价值的结论。

项目成果

Spark-plasma-sintered porous electrodes for efficient oxygen evolution in alkaline water electrolysis

• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.05.102
• 发表时间: 2019-09
• 期刊: Electrochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 6.6
• 作者: T. Rauscher;C. I. Bernäcker;Stefan Loos;M. Vogt;B. Kieback;L. Röntzsch

Nanocrystalline Fe60Co20Si10B10 as a cathode catalyst for alkaline water electrolysis: Impact of surface activation

• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.107
• 发表时间: 2019-05
• 期刊: Electrochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 6.6
• 作者: Martin Ďurovič;Jaromír Hnát;C. I. Bernäcker;T. Rauscher;L. Röntzsch;M. Paidar;K. Bouzek

The effect of Fe as constituent in Ni-base alloys on the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline solutions at high current densities

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.182
• 发表时间: 2019-03
• 期刊: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
• 影响因子: 7.2
• 作者: T. Rauscher;C. I. Bernäcker;U. Mühle;B. Kieback;L. Röntzsch