Principles of Cross-border Insolvency Law

尽管目前正在对《欧洲破产法》进行修订，但欧盟的长期目标是协调各国破产法。跨境破产法已经在很大程度上被EIR统一，但仍需要改革。只有对国家和国际规则所依据的共同原则有清楚的了解，法律的协调才能成功。这项任务到目前为止还没有执行。这是事实，尽管有许多论述（国际）破产法原则的论文和专著。这些文本几乎总是列出一系列法律应该解决的问题，但没有详细说明基本原则。个别原则（如债权人平等待遇原则-同等权益原则）的影响已经得到了比较充分的研究。缺乏的是对法律基本原则的全面研究。这里提出的研究项目，我的学院已经批准了一个休假年，旨在弥补这一缺陷，至少在跨国界破产法方面。(如果该项目成功完成，将扩大到包括国家破产法。然而，这仍有待进一步的应用程序讨论。)在执行这项任务时，将考虑到国际立法，如《企业破产法》、示范法，如《贸易法委员会示范法》或美国法律研究所的示范法，以及跨国界破产法的国家规范，特别是在德国、英国和美国实施的规范。利用这些不同的规范，该项目将评估反映在立法材料、法院判决和文献中的现行法律，阐述其共同的基本原则，澄清原则之间的关系，检查其适用范围，特别是调查其协调的潜力。该研究项目的开展需要在英国（12个月，从2015年8月1日开始）和美国（2个月）停留。英格兰是一个理想的地点，因为(1)作为欧盟成员国，英国正在执行EIR；(2)就所有其他国家而言，它也采用了《联合国国际贸易法委员会示范法》；(3)就英联邦国家而言，它在国内破产法的基础上回答了重要问题（1986年破产法第426节）。这最后一个因素有一个额外的好处，就是可以比较在英国和讲英语的国家之间适用的不同法律。在美国的时间将用于完成对美国资源的评估。这些结果将以英文出版成书，以便使它们在国际上可见和可获得。

Notwithstanding the revision of the European Insolvency Regulation (EIR) currently being undertaken the long term goal of the EU is the harmonisation of national insolvency laws. Cross-border insolvency law has already largely been unified by the EIR but does still need reforms. Harmonisation of the law can only succeed if one has a clear understanding of the common principles upon which national and international rules are based. This task has so far not been performed. This is true even though there are numerous treatises and monographs dealing with the principles of (international) insolvency law. These texts almost always list a series of topics that the law is supposed to address, but do not elaborate on the underlying principles. The effects of individual principles (such as the principle of equal treatment of creditors - pari passu rule) have been relatively well researched. What has been lacking is comprehensive research on the foundational principles of the law.The research project proposed here, for which my Faculty has granted a sabbatical year, is designed to make up this deficit, at least in relation to cross-border insolvency law. (If the project is successfully completed, it will be expanded to include national insolvency laws. That, however, remains for a further application to discuss.) In undertaking this task, international legislation such as the EIR, model laws such as the UNCITRAL Model Law or that of the American Law Institute, and national norms of cross-border insolvency law, in particular those operating in Germany, England, and the USA, will be taken into account. Using these different norms, the project will evaluate the current laws as mirrored in legislative materials, court decisions and literature, elaborate their common basic principles, clarify the principles' relationship with each other, examine their scope of application and, in particular, investigate their potential for harmonisation.The carrying out of this research project will require stays in England (12 months, starting 1 August 2015) and the USA (2 months). England is a desirable location because (1) as a member state of the EU, the United Kingdom is executing the EIR, (2) in relation to all other states, it has also adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law, and (3) in relation to the Commonwealth countries, it answers important questions on the basis of domestic insolvency law (sec. 426 Insolvency Act 1986). This last factor allows for the added advantag of permitting comparison of both the different laws applicable in England and between English speaking states. The time in the USA will be used to complete the evaluation of American sources. The results will be published as a book and in English in order to make them internationally visible and accessible.