Principles of Cross-border Insolvency Law

尽管目前正在对《欧洲破产条例》进行修订，但欧盟的长期目标是协调各国的破产法。跨境破产法在很大程度上已经由EIR统一，但仍需要改革。只有清楚地了解国家和国际规则所依据的共同原则，法律的协调才能取得成功。到目前为止，这项任务还没有完成。尽管有许多论及(国际)破产法原则的论著和专著，但情况的确如此。这些文本几乎总是列出了法律应该解决的一系列主题，但没有详细说明基本原则。个别原则(如债权人待遇平等原则--同等通行权规则)的影响得到了相对较好的研究。我们欠缺的是对法律基本原则的全面研究。我的学院已批准在此进行一年的研究，旨在弥补这方面的不足，至少在跨境破产法方面是这样。(如果该项目成功完成，它将扩大到包括国家破产法。然而，这还有待进一步的申请来讨论。)在执行这项任务时，将考虑诸如《企业投资者关系法》等国际立法、诸如《贸易法委员会示范法》或美国法学会示范法等示范法，以及跨国界破产法的国家规范，特别是在德国、英国和美国实施的那些国家规范。使用这些不同的标准，该项目将评估立法材料、法院判决和文献中反映的现行法律，阐述其共同的基本原则，澄清这些原则之间的关系，审查其适用范围，特别是调查其协调的可能性。开展这一研究项目将需要在英国(从2015年8月1日开始，为期12个月)和美国(2个月)停留。英国是一个理想的地点，因为：(1)作为欧盟成员国，联合王国正在执行《环境影响报告书》；(2)对于所有其他国家，它也通过了《贸易法委员会示范法》；(3)对于英联邦国家，它根据国内破产法(第二节)回答了重要问题。1986年破产法426)。这最后一个因素允许对英格兰和英语国家之间适用的不同法律进行比较，这是一个额外的优点。在美国的时间将用于完成对美国消息来源的评估。这些成果将以书籍的形式出版，并以英文出版，以使其在国际上广为人知。

Notwithstanding the revision of the European Insolvency Regulation (EIR) currently being undertaken the long term goal of the EU is the harmonisation of national insolvency laws. Cross-border insolvency law has already largely been unified by the EIR but does still need reforms. Harmonisation of the law can only succeed if one has a clear understanding of the common principles upon which national and international rules are based. This task has so far not been performed. This is true even though there are numerous treatises and monographs dealing with the principles of (international) insolvency law. These texts almost always list a series of topics that the law is supposed to address, but do not elaborate on the underlying principles. The effects of individual principles (such as the principle of equal treatment of creditors - pari passu rule) have been relatively well researched. What has been lacking is comprehensive research on the foundational principles of the law.The research project proposed here, for which my Faculty has granted a sabbatical year, is designed to make up this deficit, at least in relation to cross-border insolvency law. (If the project is successfully completed, it will be expanded to include national insolvency laws. That, however, remains for a further application to discuss.) In undertaking this task, international legislation such as the EIR, model laws such as the UNCITRAL Model Law or that of the American Law Institute, and national norms of cross-border insolvency law, in particular those operating in Germany, England, and the USA, will be taken into account. Using these different norms, the project will evaluate the current laws as mirrored in legislative materials, court decisions and literature, elaborate their common basic principles, clarify the principles' relationship with each other, examine their scope of application and, in particular, investigate their potential for harmonisation.The carrying out of this research project will require stays in England (12 months, starting 1 August 2015) and the USA (2 months). England is a desirable location because (1) as a member state of the EU, the United Kingdom is executing the EIR, (2) in relation to all other states, it has also adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law, and (3) in relation to the Commonwealth countries, it answers important questions on the basis of domestic insolvency law (sec. 426 Insolvency Act 1986). This last factor allows for the added advantag of permitting comparison of both the different laws applicable in England and between English speaking states. The time in the USA will be used to complete the evaluation of American sources. The results will be published as a book and in English in order to make them internationally visible and accessible.