Theoretical refinement and empirical test of the physical activity-mediated Demand-Control (pamDC) model

在这里提出的项目中，我们旨在调查工作需求和工作控制对体力活动和幸福感的因果影响。该赠款提案是“Warum Arbeit krankht：Fehlende körperliche Aktiität in der Freizeit ALS Erklärung für Negative Effekte von Arbeit auf Gesundheit”项目的后续应用(去掉标志)。在项目(去除符号)中，我们建立了一个新的理论模型--体力活动调节需求控制(PamDC)模型(Häusser&Mojzisch，2017)，并检验了其核心假设，即闲暇时间体力活动作为一种机制，部分地调节了工作特征对幸福感的影响。我们使用互补的方法进行了五项研究(两项动态评估研究、两项试验性工作场所模拟研究和一项纵向现场研究)。简而言之，这些研究为PAMDC模型的命题的有效性提供了强有力的证据。然而，他们也指出，有必要从四个方面进一步明确和区分这一模式。首先，关于工作控制的假设效应，到目前为止，以前的研究还没有提供任何明确的驱逐。对结构的控制与对工作内容的控制之间的区别可能是富有成效的。其次，工作要求也需要进一步细化，特别是更加强调自我控制的要求。第三，需要更好地考虑时间动力学，在时间动力学中，PamDC模型假设的影响被展开，以解释模型路径背后的心理机制。第四，幸福感的不同方面的规范很重要，这也包括幸福感的生理指标。这些目标将在一项生态瞬时评估研究和三个实验工作场所模拟中进行。除了明确和区分不同类型的工作要求和工作控制外，生态瞬时评估研究还提供了关于现场幸福感的生理指标(心率变异性、皮肤电活动)的PAMDC模型的首次检查。此外，现场测量将为模型所描述的影响的时间动力学提供有价值的见解。这三个工作场所模拟将进一步帮助区分不同类型的工作要求和工作控制，并将提供一个实验性的中介测试。这里提出的项目将有助于对PAMDC模型进行理论完善，增强其预测能力，从而增加其理论和实践意义。

In the project proposed here, we aim at investigating the causal effects of job demands and job control on physical activity and well-being. This grant proposal is a follow-up application of the project „Warum Arbeit krank macht: Fehlende körperliche Aktivität in der Freizeit als Erklärung für negative Effekte von Arbeit auf Gesundheit“ (sign removed). In Project (sign removed) we developed a new theoretical model, the physical-activity-mediated Demand Control (pamDC) model (Häusser & Mojzisch, 2017) and tested its central hypothesis, that leisure time physical activity acts as a mechanism that partially mediates the effects of job characteristics on well-being. We conducted five studies using complementary methodological approaches (two ambulatory assessment studies, two experimental work place simulations, and one longitudinal field study). In a nutshell, these studies provide robust evidence for the validity of the propositions of the pamDC model. However, they also revealed the need to further specify and differentiate the model with respect to four regards. First, regarding the postulated effects of job control, the previous studies have, so far, not provided any clear evicende yet. A distinction between control regarding structure versus control regarding content of work might be fruitful. Second, job demands also need further specification, particularly a stronger emphasis on self-control demands. Third, a better consideration of the temporal dynamics, in which the effects postulated by the pamDC model unfold is needed to account for the psychological mechanisms underlying the model paths. Fourth, a specification of different facets of well-being is important, which also comprises physiological indicators of well-being. These objectives will be pursued in one ecological momentary assessment study and three experimental work place simulations. Besides specifying and differentiating different types of job demands and job control, the ecological momentary assessment study provides a first-time examination of the pamDC model with respect to physiological indicators of well-being (heart rate variability, electro-dermal activity) in the field. Moreover, the in situ measurement will provide valuable insights in the temporal dynamics of the effects described by the model. The three work place simulations will further help differentiating different types of job demands and job control and will provide an experimental mediation test. The project proposed here will contribute to a theoretical refinement of the pamDC model, enhancing its predictive power, and thereby increasing its theoretical and practical relevance.