Using basaltic crystal mushes to understand the mechanisms of crust formation and the deep structure of basaltic volcanoes
利用玄武岩晶体糊了解地壳形成机制和玄武岩火山的深层结构
基本信息
- 批准号:282248486
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Independent Junior Research Groups
- 财政年份:2016
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Most of the oceanic and continental Earth s crust is respectively made up of mafic or mafic-felsic crystalline rocks. The mechanisms of formation and the structure of the deep, mafic, crustal units are not well understood. In particular, we do not yet know how primary mantle-derived chemically change during differentiation in the lower crust and the timescales of mafic magma crystallization. The proportion of melt finally erupting at the surface of the Earth is also poorly constrained. An extremely useful way to decipher the large-scale lithological variability of the Earth s crust, the mechanisms of magma differentiation and to estimate mass transfer in the crust is to use crystal mush fragments commonly brought to the surface during eruptions. They represent cumulate rocks formed in the crust and therefore are a unique opportunity to determine the mineralogy of frozen, highly crystalline, parts of crustal magma chambers, inaccessible otherwise.The main objective of this project is to refine our understanding of deep magmatic processes beneath oceanic and continental basaltic volcanoes and to decipher the dominant mechanisms of crust formation. We will perform high-temperature experiments to constrain the formation and disaggregation of crystal mushes prior to eruption and determine their thermo-physical state in the crust. We will also use experimental data to propose new and accurate formulations of mineral-melt equilibria, applicable at crustal pressure (<7 kbar) that can be used to estimate magma storage conditions in the crust. These results will then be combined with a statistically-based, textural and geochemical analysis of phyric basalts from 4 tectonic settings: mid-ocean ridge (Galapagos Spreading Centre), oceanic plateau (Shatsky Rise), continental flood basalt (Snake River Plain) and continental arc (South Volcanic Zone of Chile). We will use high-quality imaging of basaltic samples together with geochemical mapping and crystal size distribution to discriminate between phenocrysts in equilibrium with the melt and crystals formed in deep crystal mushes. The composition (major and trace elements) and texture of crystals together with the compositions of their melt inclusions will then be used to investigate the deep plumbing systems and magma storage conditions of the basaltic volcanoes. In particular, we will identify the role of (heterogeneous) mantle melting and the processes and timescales of intra-crustal differentiation on the formation, growth and composition of the crust and on the geochemical variability of erupted magmas. All together, this project will improve our understanding of the lithological and geochemical variability of the crust in various tectonic settings and will add to the current understanding of crystal mush rheology, a critical parameter for magma differentiation. Our results will also be useful for other basaltic provinces where crustal processes play a major role on the diversity of erupted magmas.
大洋地壳和大陆地壳的大部分分别由镁铁质或镁铁质-长英质结晶岩组成。深基性地壳单元的形成机制和结构尚不清楚。特别是,我们还不知道如何在下地壳的分异过程中的原始幔源化学变化和镁铁质岩浆结晶的时间尺度。最后在地球表面喷发的熔融物的比例也没有受到很好的限制。一个非常有用的方法来破译地壳的大规模岩性变化,岩浆分异的机制和估计地壳中的质量转移是使用通常在喷发过程中带到地表的水晶泥碎片。它们代表了在地壳中形成的堆积岩,因此是一个独特的机会,以确定冻结的,高度结晶的,部分地壳岩浆房的矿物学,否则无法实现。该项目的主要目标是提高我们对海洋和大陆玄武岩火山下的深部岩浆过程的理解,并破译地壳形成的主导机制。我们将进行高温实验,以限制喷发前水晶浆的形成和分解,并确定其在地壳中的热物理状态。我们还将使用实验数据提出新的和准确的矿物熔体平衡公式,适用于地壳压力(<7千巴),可用于估计地壳中的岩浆储存条件。这些结果将与4个构造背景的斑状玄武岩的岩石学、结构和地球化学分析相结合:大洋中脊(加拉帕戈斯扩张中心)、大洋高原(沙茨基隆起)、大陆溢流玄武岩(蛇河平原)和大陆弧(智利南部火山带)。我们将使用玄武岩样品的高质量成像以及地球化学绘图和晶体粒度分布来区分与熔体平衡的斑晶和在深层晶体泥中形成的晶体。晶体的成分(主量元素和微量元素)和结构以及它们的熔融包裹体的成分将被用来研究玄武质火山的深部管道系统和岩浆储存条件。特别是,我们将确定(非均质)地幔熔融的作用和地壳内分化的过程和时间尺度上的形成,生长和地壳的组成和喷发岩浆的地球化学变化。总之,该项目将提高我们对地壳在各种构造环境中的岩性和地球化学变化的理解,并将增加目前对岩浆分异的关键参数-水晶浆流变学的理解。我们的研究结果也将是有用的其他玄武岩省的地壳过程中发挥了重要作用的多样性爆发的岩浆。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Professor Dr. Olivier Namur其他文献
Professor Dr. Olivier Namur的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
相似海外基金
Investigating the volatile evolution and decompression rate of high-intensity basaltic eruptions
研究高强度玄武岩喷发的挥发演化和减压率
- 批准号:
2318614 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Controls on explosive basaltic eruptions within the San Francisco Volcanic Field: Constraints from seismic imaging and multiphase magma ascent modeling
对旧金山火山场内爆炸性玄武岩喷发的控制:地震成像和多相岩浆上升模型的限制
- 批准号:
2202666 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Volcanism on the Edge - Basaltic Volcanism from Source to Surface across the Colorado Plateau/Basin & Range Transition in SW Utah
合作研究:边缘火山活动 - 科罗拉多高原/盆地从源头到地表的玄武岩火山活动
- 批准号:
2152735 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Investigation of fluid-rock interactions and carbonate mineralization to design and demonstrate secured long-term carbon storage in oceanic basaltic rock
研究流体-岩石相互作用和碳酸盐矿化,以设计和论证海洋玄武岩中安全的长期碳储存
- 批准号:
557599-2021 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Postdoctoral Fellowships
Collaborative Research: Volcanism on the Edge - Basaltic Volcanism from Source to Surface across the Colorado Plateau/Basin & Range Transition in SW Utah
合作研究:边缘火山活动 - 科罗拉多高原/盆地从源头到地表的玄武岩火山活动
- 批准号:
2152696 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: BENEATH THE FOUNTAINS: Shallow conduit processes and diversity in basaltic fissure eruptions.
合作研究:喷泉下方:浅层管道过程和玄武岩裂隙喷发的多样性。
- 批准号:
2119838 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Volcanic seismicity and eruption forecasting at the basaltic caldera volcanoes of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
厄瓜多尔加拉帕戈斯群岛玄武质破火山口火山的火山地震活动和喷发预报
- 批准号:
2615811 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Studentship
Collaborative Research: BENEATH THE FOUNTAINS: Shallow conduit processes and diversity in basaltic fissure eruptions.
合作研究:喷泉下方:浅层管道过程和玄武岩裂隙喷发的多样性。
- 批准号:
2119973 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Transport of magma in the near surface at small volcanoes- Experimental intrusion of basaltic melt into unconsolidated sediments
合作研究:小火山近地表岩浆输送——玄武岩熔体侵入松散沉积物的实验
- 批准号:
2032174 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Transport of magma in the near surface at small volcanoes- Experimental intrusion of basaltic melt into unconsolidated sediments
合作研究:小火山近地表岩浆输送——玄武岩熔体侵入松散沉积物的实验
- 批准号:
2032181 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant