Procedural Law Theory - An inquiry into the different approaches to analyse legal rules of preocedure

(1)这本书分为两个部分，福尔斯，其中第一部分涉及科学哲学，因为它涉及到程序法的研究。它分析了在这方面可以进行哪些不同的研究问题。除了（程序的）法律的教义学，它可以被定义为从法院和其他实践律师的角度研究法律，以期将法律的规则应用于个案，其他研究问题也是可能的，而且确实可以在学术界找到。对于这些其他问题，“程序法理论”（Verfaestheorie）一词被创造出来。程序法理论中那些以法律的规范而不是以经验事实为研究对象的问题，在这里被描述为一个独特的研究领域，被称为“司法程序法理论”。这些问题值得进一步研究。当规范被置于语境中并被解释为它们的意义时，这就是法学理论;这样，法学理论就到达了法律的教义学既不能感知也不能讨论的意义和价值的视野，因为它没有超越规范的应用维度。因此，在诉讼法研究中，法理学可以作为一门反思学科，也可以作为一门学科中继，因为它提供了与相关但不同的学术领域联系的机会。这个概念可以帮助回答一个备受争议的问题，即在法律的学术研究中，跨学科性是否以及在多大程度上是可能的。(2)本书的第二部分深入到司法程序法理论的实质，并试图绘制任何非教条主义的方法，以程序规范可能要研究的问题。这种尝试并没有直接采用传统的理论概念来描述整个程序规则集（如“程序原则”[Verfaussmaximen]，“程序目的”）;相反，图表遵循这些规则集通常涉及的程序的不同方面。诉讼主体（如法院）及其内部结构、诉讼过程中的事件顺序以及诉讼参与者的角色是本文讨论的三个主要问题。在这三个领域中，司法程序法理论作为一门反思学科和作为一门学科中继的潜力体现在诉讼法通常调整的多个问题上。在此可以特别指出，程序法对实际决策的要求（例如，具有司法或非司法标准;具有或不具有自由裁量权）与法律的理论的中心概念密切相关。再举一个例子，口头听证会具有典型的意象和象征意义（如法庭座位的严格安排、长袍、正式的演讲），这可能与文化研究对它们的解释有关。

(1) The book falls into two parts, the first of which deals with philosophy of science as it relates to the study of procedural law. It analyses what different research questions can be pursued in this regard. Besides (procedural-)legal dogmatics, which can be defined as the study of law from the perspective of courts and other practical lawyers with a view to applying legal rules to individual cases, other research questions are also possible, and indeed to be found in academia. For these other questions, the term "Procedural Law Theory" (Verfahrenstheorie) is coined. Those questions within Procedural Law Theory that aim at legal norms rather than at empirical facts are described here as a distinguishable field of study, to be called "juridical Procedural Law Theory". These questions deserve additional studying. It is Juridical Theory when norms are put into contexts and interpreted as to their meaning; that way, Juridical Theory arrives at horizons of meaning and valuations that legal dogmatics can neither perceive nor discuss as it does not look beyond the applicative dimension of norms. Within the study of procedural law, therefore, Juridical Theory can function as a discipline of reflection as well as a discipline-relay because it provides opportunities to connect to related but distinct academic fields. This concept can help answer the much-discussed question if, and to what extent, interdisciplinarity is possible in legal scholarship. (2) The second part of the book dives into the substance of Juridical Procedural Law Theory and attempts to chart the issues that any non-dogmatical approach to procedural norms might want to study. This attempt does not directly pick up the traditional theoretical concepts describing procedural rule-sets as a whole (like "principles of procedure" [Verfahrensmaximen], "purposes of procedure"); rather, the charting follows the different aspects of procedure that such rule-sets would normally be about. The proceeding bodies (such as courts) and their internal structure, the sequence of events within a procedure, and the role of participants therein are the three main topics addressed here.Within these three fields, the potential of juridical Procedural Law Theory as a discipline of reflection and as a discipline-relay is exemplified by a plurality of issues normally regulated by procedural law. Here it can be specifically noted that procedural-law requirements for the actual decision-making (e.g., with a juridical or non-juridical standard; with or without discretion) are closely connected to central concepts of legal theory. With another example, oral hearings with their typical imagery and symbolism (like the strict arrangement of seating in a courtroom, the gowns, the formalised speech) can be related to interpretations they have been given by cultural studies.