High pressure synthesis and characterization of precious metal borates and silicates

该研究项目的主要目标是合成非常基本的，但迄今为止未知的贵金属化合物。由于贵金属的惰性特性，合成新化合物需要特殊的反应条件。在本研究目的的情况下，这些特殊的反应条件通过施加极高的压力和高温来实现。因此，几乎未开发的贵金属硼酸盐以及可能还有相应的硅酸盐应该通过纯贵金属和/或其相应的衍生物与足够的硼和硅物质在高压-高温条件下的反应来获得。固态强氧化介质（SO 3、K2 S2 O 8、XeF 2）的使用可使贵金属的高氧化态稳定。然而，甚至在高压-高温条件下也预期更方便的反应，如溶剂热合成。将对所得固体进行广泛表征。通过单晶X射线衍射分析，可以确定化合物的结构和组成。此外，所获得的材料将通过X射线粉末衍射技术（XRD），红外光谱（IR）和拉曼光谱以及热重测量进行表征。如果观察到特殊的氧化态或不寻常的键的情况下，量子化学和磁化学方法将被应用。在东道研究所，建立了在高压-高温条件下合成的程序。此外，还可以使用多砧装置。后者允许在高压和高温下合成大量的相应产物。在高压高温条件下合成固体材料的专有技术和Huppertz集团硼酸盐化学的专业知识与申请人的丰富经验相结合，主办机构将成为所需项目的最佳场所。此外，该项目具有发展潜力。特别是，所获得的专业知识不仅可以转移到其他金属，而且可以转移到其他类别的化合物，例如几乎完全未开发的贵金属碳酸盐。

The main goal of the intended research project is the synthesis of very basic, however until now unknown precious metal compounds. Due to the inert character of the precious metals are special reaction conditions required for the synthesis of new compounds. In case of the present research aim these special reaction conditions are achieved by applying extremely high pressure and high temperature. Thus, the almost unexplored precious metal borates and maybe also the respective silicates should be obtained via reactions of the neat precious metals and/or its respective derivatives and adequate boron and silicon species under high pressure - high temperature conditions. Utilization of solid state strong oxidizing media (SO3, K2S2O8, XeF2) might cause stabilization of high oxidation states for the precious metals. Also more convenient reactions, like solvothermal synthesis are intended, however, even under high pressure - high temperature conditions. The obtained solids will be characterized extensively. By means of single crystal X-ray diffraction the structure and constitution of the compounds will be deciphered. Moreover, the obtained materials will be characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction techniques (XRD), infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy as well as thermogravimetric measurements. If special oxidation states or unusual bond situations are observed quantum chemical and magnetochemical methods will be applied. In the host institute syntheses under high pressure - high temperature conditions are established procedures. Moreover, a multianvil-apparatus is available. The latter allows for the synthesis of large amounts of the respective products at high pressure and elevated temperature. In combination of know-how in synthesizing solid materials under high pressure - high temper-ature conditions and the expertise of borate chemistry in the Huppertz group with the profound experiences of the applicant, the host institute will be the optimal place for the desired project. Moreover, the project has potential for development. Particularly, the gained expertise might not only be transferred to other metals, but also to other classes of compounds, thus for example to the almost completely unexplored precious metal carbonates.