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MERcury Electrochemical SENSor for in situ trace determination (MERESENS)

用于原位痕量测定的 MERcury 电化学传感器 (MERESENS)

基本信息

批准号：
284165628
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thomas Pichler, since 12/2015
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Geochemie und Hydrogeologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/284165628?language=en
关键词：
MERcury Electrochemical SENSor situ trace

项目摘要

Heavy metals and particularly mercury (Hg), represent a growing environmental and health concern. Hg is present as inorganic and organometallic species such as the toxic and bioaccumulating methylmercury (MeHg) form. MeHg production depends on the concentration and (bio-)availability of inorganic Hg(II). To date, Hg(II) concentration is mainly monitored by spectrometric techniques, such as coupled cold-vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS). These techniques require expensive materials associated to complex and time-consuming procedures, thus limiting any in situ or on line and operando analysis. The MERESENS project aims at developing a reliable tool for in situ determination of Hg(II) at environmentally relevant levels. We propose to develop and test a novel electrochemical Hg sensor for ecosystem monitoring in line with both European Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC) and Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Directive 2008/56/EC) and requirements of European member states to fund monitoring networks and programs at optimized costs.We will develop an electrochemical sensor based on glassy carbon (GC) electrodes functionalized by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and diazonium compounds. These sensors will be tested for Hg(II) trace measurements in natural waters and optimized to exhibit good sensitivity and selectivity as well as reproducibility and stability over time.The use of AuNPs to functionalize the electrode surface will enhance the sensitivity for low Hg(II) levels, whereas diazoniums will ensure the AuNPs stabilization on the electrode by affording a covalent anchoring with GC surface. A large set of functionalized interfaces will be produced by varying parameters such as organic layer thickness and structuration, and AuNPs size and density. All the resulting electrodes will be fully characterized by electrochemistry (cyclic voltammetry, electron impedance spectroscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy) and physicochemical techniques (field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering). Their analytical performances (selectivity, sensitivity, limit of detection, repeatability, and stability) will be evaluated by checking their electrochemical response to varying Hg(II) concentrations for synthetic and natural waters. A large panel of natural water samples will be used for testing the sensor in order to verify its capability to afford a reliable response in many matrix conditions. The obtained results will be verified by using reference technique, CVAFS.A highly-sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor which exhibits very good stability for possible long-term deployment should be achieved and available, and the Technology Readiness Level 3 will be reached. Major advances are expected in the understanding of the interactions of the AuNPs with the organic diazonium films and the GC surface.

重金属，特别是汞（Hg），代表了日益严重的环境和健康问题。汞以无机和有机金属形式存在，如有毒和生物累积性的甲基汞（MeHg）形式。甲基汞的生产取决于无机汞（II）的浓度和（生物）可利用性。迄今为止，汞（II）浓度主要通过光谱技术监测，如耦合冷原子荧光光谱法（CVAFS）。这些技术需要与复杂和耗时的程序相关的昂贵材料，因此限制了任何原位或在线和操作分析。MEREENS项目旨在开发一种可靠的工具，用于在环境相关水平上就地测定Hg（II）。我们建议开发和测试一种新的电化学汞传感器，用于生态系统监测，符合欧洲水框架指令（第2000/60/EC号指令）和海洋战略框架指令（指令2008/56/EC）和欧洲成员国以最佳成本资助监测网络和项目的要求。我们将开发基于玻璃碳（GC）的电化学传感器由金纳米颗粒（AuNP）和重氮化合物功能化的电极。这些传感器将在天然沃茨中进行Hg（II）痕量测量测试，并进行优化，以表现出良好的灵敏度和选择性以及随时间的重现性和稳定性。使用AuNPs功能化电极表面将提高低Hg（II）水平的灵敏度，而重氮盐将通过提供与GC表面的共价锚定来确保AuNPs在电极上的稳定性。通过改变参数，如有机层厚度和结构化，以及金纳米颗粒的尺寸和密度，将产生大量的功能化界面。所有得到的电极将通过电化学（循环伏安法、电子阻抗谱和扫描电化学显微镜）和物理化学技术（场发射扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、掠入射小角度X射线散射）充分表征。将通过检查它们对合成和天然沃茨浓度变化的电化学响应来评价它们的分析性能（选择性、灵敏度、检测限、重复性和稳定性）。将使用大量天然水样对传感器进行测试，以验证其在许多基质条件下提供可靠响应的能力。研究结果将通过参比技术CVAFS进行验证，获得一种高灵敏度和选择性的电化学传感器，该传感器具有很好的稳定性，可用于长期部署，达到技术准备水平3。主要的进展，预计在理解的金纳米粒子与有机重氮膜和GC表面的相互作用。