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The disruptive effects of deviant and changing auditory distractors: A test of theories of auditory distraction

异常和变化的听觉干扰因素的破坏性影响：听觉干扰理论的检验

基本信息

批准号：
284227121
负责人：
Dr. Raoul Bell
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Allgemeine Psychologie und Arbeitspsychologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/284227121?language=en
关键词：
disruptive effects deviant changing auditory

项目摘要

The duplex model is often used to explain phenomena of auditory distraction. The model distinguishes between two types of short-term memory disruption: The disruption of short-term memory by changing auditory distractors (the changing-state-effect) is attributed to a preattentive, obligatory processing of order information among distractors which is assumed to interfere with the maintenance of order information among the target items. The distraction by auditory deviants that disrupt a regular sequence of similar distractors (the deviance effect) is attributed to an attention shift away from the primary task. An alternative to the duplex model is implemented in theories that attribute both phenomena of auditory distraction to attention shifts. At first sight, the second explanation seems more attractive because it is more parsimonious. However, the distinction between two fundamentally different types of auditory distraction seems to be backed up by results that show a dissociation between the changing-state effect and the deviance effect. A close examination of these results shows that they cannot be clearly interpreted in favor of the duplex model because alternative explanations are possible, and the often-cited dissociations refer to comparisons between studies with different methodological approaches. Therefore, the present research project aims at providing a fair and critical test of both models of auditory distraction in a series of experiments in which the changing-state-effect and the deviance effect are compared directly.

双重模型经常被用来解释听觉分心现象。该模型区分了两种类型的短期记忆中断：短期记忆的中断，通过改变听觉干扰（改变状态效应）是由于一个预先注意的，强制性的处理之间的干扰，这被认为是干扰目标项目之间的顺序信息的维护。听觉偏差干扰了一系列类似的干扰物（偏差效应），这是由于注意力从主要任务转移。另一种替代的双重模型实施的理论，属性的听觉分心的现象，注意力转移。乍一看，第二种解释似乎更有吸引力，因为它更简约。然而，两种根本不同类型的听觉分心之间的区别似乎得到了结果的支持，这些结果显示了变化状态效应和偏差效应之间的分离。对这些结果的仔细检查表明，它们不能被清楚地解释为有利于双重模型，因为其他解释是可能的，并且经常引用的解离指的是不同方法学方法的研究之间的比较。因此，本研究的目的是提供一个公平的和关键的测试，这两个模型的听觉分心在一系列的实验中，改变状态效应和偏差效应进行了直接比较。