Diagnose von Augenerkrankungen auf der Basis eines neuartigenfunktionellen parallelen Video-Ophthalmoskops.

该项目的主要目的是评估新参数的青光眼辨别性能，这些参数可以使用独特的视频检眼镜测量。视频检眼镜的突出特点是：光学设计可实现无散光的可见光快速视频采集，低光照水平可实现无限使用时间，特别选择两种波长照明评估视神经头颜色并补偿光照变化，集成固定目标稳定固定，集成闪烁光源进行功能成像，体积小，使用两台检眼镜同时测量两只眼睛。从获得的双眼短视频序列（约10s）中可以计算出以下参数：心周期引起的反射变化（振幅、上升时间、两侧时移）、视神经头颜色和血管参数。闪烁光照射后，还可以测量参数的变化（变化量、响应时间）。首次实现了以40ms左右的高时间分辨率比较参数和闪烁光引起的两侧参数变化。这些测量结果将被整合到Erlangen青光眼登记处（眼科）的工作流程中，该登记处是对开角型青光眼（OAG）或疑似青光眼患者进行横断面和纵向观察的临床登记处。患者的结果将与正常值和既定临床方法的参数进行比较，如眼内压，周边灵敏度和视网膜神经纤维层厚度。正常受试者和患者的结果将用于寻找新的参数或参数组合，与现有方法相比，可以更早地发现早期青光眼。这是德国埃尔兰根-纽伦堡弗里德里希-亚历山大大学眼科和捷克布伦理工大学生物医学工程系的联合项目。在这个联合项目中，捷克小组负责快速数据采集、图像处理和图像分析的软件开发。Erlangen团队负责功能性双色平行视屏检眼镜的研发，不同应用的临床评价及结果分析与解释。我们假设使用独特的视频检眼镜记录的这些动态和功能特征以及衍生参数将有助于在早期发现青光眼，这将对治疗以及降低治疗成本和患者的生活质量产生直接影响。新的快速和易于使用的方法对于青光眼的早期检测非常重要，因为有研究表明，尽管诊断和治疗取得了进步，但仍有很大比例的患者进展为失明，通常是由于诊断较晚。

The main aim of this project is to evaluate the glaucomadiscrimination performance of new parameters that can be measuredusing a unique video ophthalmoscope. The outstandingcharacteristics of the video ophthalmoscope are: optic design for nonmydriaticfast video acquisition with visible light, low light level forunlimited application time, specially selected two wavelengthillumination to assess optic nerve head color and to compensatechanging illumination, integrated fixation target to stabilize fixation,integrated flicker light source for functional imaging, and small size touse two ophthalmoscopes to measure both eyes simultaneously. Thefollowing parameters can be calculated from acquired short videosequences (about 10 s) of both eyes: Cardiac cycle induced reflectionchanges (amplitude, rise time, time shift between sides), optic nervehead color, and vessel parameters. After flicker light illumination,changes of parameters (amount of change, response time) can alsobe measured. For the first time, it is possible to compare parametersand flicker light induced changes of parameters of both sides withhigh temporal resolution of about 40 ms. The measurements will beintegrated in the work flow of the Erlangen Glaucoma Registry(Department of Ophthalmology), a clinical registry for cross sectionaland longitudinal observation of patients with open angle glaucoma(OAG) or glaucoma suspects. Results of patients will be compared tonormal values and parameters of established clinical methods suchas intra ocular pressure, perimetric sensitivity, and retinal nerve fiberlayer thickness. Results in normal subjects and patients will be usedto find new parameters or combinations of parameters that allow anearlier detection of beginning glaucoma compared to establishedmethods. This is a joint project of the Department of Ophthalmology ofthe Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and the BrnoUniversity of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering,Czech Republic. In this joint project, the Czech group is responsiblefor software development for fast data acquisition, image processingand image analysis. The Erlangen group is responsible for thedevelopment of the functional two color parallel videoophthalmoscope, the clinical evaluation of the different applicationsand the analysis and interpretation of the results. We hypothesize thatthese dynamic and functional characteristics and derived parametersrecorded using the unique video ophthalmoscope will help to detectglaucoma in its very early stage, which will have a direct impact ontreatment as well as treatment cost reduction and quality of life of thepatients. New fast and easy to use methods are important for theearly detection of glaucoma because it was shown that despiteimproved diagnostic and therapeutic advancements a significantproportion of patients still progress to blindness, often due to latediagnosis.