Multifaceted favoritism from longitudinal view

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I have published two papers in international refereed journals this year. The main results of the two papers are as follows.1. We measure the impact of the number of people who passed the Vietnamese imperial examinations (1075-1919) on the present-day quantity and quality of education in their home districts. Our analyses at the district and individual levels are based mainly on the data of successful imperial test takers, the 2009 population census, and 2009 National Entrance Exams to University test scores. We find a persistent legacy in educational attainment outcomes. A tradition of human capital investment and cultural elements are among the most important factors to explain the long-term historical effects of the Vietnamese imperial examinations.2. We examine the returns to test scores from the 2009 Vietnamese National Entrance Examination to University (NEEU) of individuals born in 1991. We investigate their labor outcomes in terms of hourly wage and employment measured in 2018 or 2020. We find a one standard deviation in the mathematics test scores recorded in 2009 Vietnamese National Entrance Examination to university is associated with 9% increase in wage rate 9-11 years later. The results suggest mathematics test scores have significant correlation with labor outcomes in the long run.