Prehistoric Thessaly: Mobile and sedentary communities south of Mount Olympus

根据目前的研究状况，欧洲最古老的定居农业人口大约在公元前6500年建立在奥林匹斯山附近，特别是在它以南的塞萨利亚平原。在那里，第一个连续居住的地点发展形成了一米高的土丘。在这一地区，在短短几个世纪的时间里，不可逆转的过程被称为新石器化，其所有的经济，社会，文化和宗教后果，甚至在新石器时代的生活方式传播到巴尔干半岛约6000 calBC之前就已经结束了，随后从那里进入中欧。这些知识主要基于1950年代至1970年代在色萨利进行的调查和解释。从那时起，没有在该地区进行系统的研究，该研究设想从移动的社区过渡到定居社区，即使从那里产生了在整个东南欧新的革命性生活方式的主要冲动。尽管如此，在过去的几十年里，拉里萨的文物管理局从探测、救援发掘和表面收集中收集了大量新材料，这些材料导致了关于排印年代考虑的新见解。这些新的收藏品以及上个世纪的老收藏品将在一个联合项目中采用现代研究方法进行分析，应用最重要的放射性碳分析。该项目的一个目标是详细分析发现物的背景和遗址的自然环境。到目前为止，只有马古勒被广泛研究，只有平原上可见的遗址被记录和绘制，导致对史前时期人口动态的扭曲看法。虽然自1990年代以来，在希腊的许多景观中开展了几项系统的地表勘测方案，但在色萨利没有开展这种实地工作。因此，设想与拉里萨的Ephorate合作，在奥林匹斯山以南的色萨利平原东北边缘进行勘探。展望是历时性的研究，应包括全新世的时期，重点是中石器时代和新石器时代。目的是从根本上了解从移动的狩猎-采集-捕鱼社区向定居农业文化的转变，并分析史前时期的人口动态。预计是新的和重要的见解，既经济方面，以及不同的战略应用于史前的土地利用。这项工作的结果可以作为未来研究方案的基础，这些方案将专门对单个地点/地点进行详细调查。

According to the present state of research, the oldest sedentary farming populations in Europe were established around 6500 BC in the vicinity of Mount Olympus, especially south of it in the Thessalian Plain. There, the first continuously inhabited sites developed to form through time meter-high mounds. In this area in the course of only a few centuries, the irreversible process known as ¿Neolithisation¿, with all its economic, social, cultural and also religious consequences, had concluded even before the Neolithic way of life spread into the Balkans around 6000 calBC, and subsequently from there into Central Europe. This knowledge is largely based on investigations and interpretations carried out in Thessaly during the 1950ies to 1970ies. Since that time no systematic research has been conducted in this region, which envisages the transition from mobile to sedentary communities, even though from there emanated major impulses for a new and revolutionary lifestyle in the whole of Southeast Europe. Nevertheless, in the last decades the Ephorate for Antiquities in Larissa has gathered a great amount of new material from soundings, rescue excavations and surface collections, material that leads to new insights concerning typo-chronological considerations. Both these new collections as well as older ones from the last century will be analysed in a joint project with modern research methods, applying foremost radiocarbon analysis. Detailed analysis of finds in their context and of sites in their natural environmental setting will also be a target of the project. Until now only magoules were extensively researched and only sites that are visible in the plain have been recorded and mapped, leading to a distorted view concerning the dynamics of population in prehistoric times. Whereas several systematic surface reconnaissance programmes have been carried out in many landscapes in Greece since the 1990ies, such field work was not undertaken in Thessaly. Therefore, envisaged in collaboration with the Ephorate in Larissa are prospections on the northeastern fringes of the Thessalian Plain, south of Mount Olympus. Foreseen are diachronic studies that should encompass the periods of the Holocene with emphasis on the Mesolithic and the Neolithic. The aim is to obtain fundamental insight into the transition from mobile hunter-gatherer-fisher communities to sedentary farming cultures and to analyse the population dynamics in prehistoric times. Anticipated are new and important insights concerning both economical aspects as well as different strategies applied in the land use in prehistory. The results of this work can serve as a basis for future research programmes that will be dedicated to detailed investigation of single places/sites.