Predictive Timing in Speech Perception and Production

语音感知和生成中的预测时序

• 批准号: 315230532
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Philip Hoole
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Département de Psychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/315230532?language=en
• 关键词: Predictive; Timing; Speech; Perception; Production

The overall objective in this extension phase will be to further deepen our understanding of adaptive behavior and online processing of temporal information in speech. The first project phase (Phase 1) used real-time manipulation of the temporal properties of auditory feedback. It found stronger subject responses for perturbation of syllable codas compared to onsets; this was interpreted as evidence for greater malleability of motor plans for codas. A counterpart to this was found in subject-specific compensation patterns. All subjects were tested for an extensive battery of sensorimotor skills. Subjects showing greater compensation showed greater motor variability in synchronized tapping tasks (more compensation when motor plans are less strongly entrenched).We now aim to expand the range of stimulus manipulations for perturbation, and also to widen the sensorimotor profiles of participants by taking special populations into account, i.e. persons who stutter and musicians. Specific aims in 4 work-packages are:(1) In Phase 1 the perturbation was introduced gradually and systematically, becoming predictable for participants. Analysis focuses on adjustments to stored motor representations to counteract the perturbation. To complement this approach we will now use perturbations that are introduced unexpectedly. This taps into online monitoring processes as an utterance unfolds (rather than adaptive learning processes). We hypothesize that the perceptual salience of the perturbation now has more weight than the entrenchment of motor representations.(2) The paradigm of Phase 1 will be used to compare stuttering and non-stuttering participants, again focusing on a comparison of responses to perturbations in syllable onset vs. coda. The aim will be to determine whether the stuttering group simply shows an overall weaker response to auditory feedback manipulation (as some previous studies have indicated) or whether this group shows evidence of a specific processing deficit related to syllable onsets.(3) In Phase 1 we collected extensive data from children to young adults on sensorimotor skills (from duration discrimination to predictive timing tapping tasks). Moreover, all non-speech tasks had speech tasks as counterparts. The aim is now to analyse these tests from the developmental point of view to determine the extent to which different skills develop in parallel.(4) In the extension phase we aim to compare musicians and non-musicians to improve understanding of the extent and nature of adaptive behaviour. This emerges from the results above on the malleability of motor representations. This aspect has been little discussed hitherto for speech, but has received some attention in perturbation experiments with music-based stimuli. To achieve our overall aims we thus see explicit comparison of musicians and non-musicians for both speech and music-based stimuli as a particularly promising avenue.

在这个扩展阶段的总体目标将是进一步加深我们的理解的自适应行为和在线处理的时间信息的语音。第一个项目阶段（第1阶段）使用听觉反馈的时间特性的实时操作。它发现更强的主题反应音节尾声相比，发作扰动，这被解释为证据更大的可塑性的运动计划的尾声。与此相对应的是特定于主题的补偿模式。所有受试者都进行了广泛的感觉运动技能测试。受试者表现出更大的补偿表现出更大的运动变异性同步轻敲tasks.We现在的目标是扩大范围的刺激操纵扰动，并扩大感觉运动的轮廓考虑到特殊人群，即口吃的人和音乐家。4个工作包的具体目标是：（1）在第一阶段，扰动是逐步和系统地引入，成为可预测的参与者。分析的重点是调整存储的运动表征，以抵消干扰。为了补充这种方法，我们现在将使用意外引入的扰动。这利用了在线监测过程，而不是自适应学习过程。我们假设，知觉的显着性的扰动，现在有更多的重量比运动表征的战壕。(2)第一阶段的范例将用于比较口吃和非口吃的参与者，再次集中在音节开始与结尾的扰动反应的比较。目的是确定口吃组是否只是表现出对听觉反馈操作的整体反应较弱（如以前的一些研究所表明的那样），或者该组是否表现出与音节起始相关的特定处理缺陷的证据。(3)在第一阶段，我们收集了从儿童到年轻人关于感觉运动技能的广泛数据（从持续时间辨别到预测性定时敲击任务）。此外，所有非言语任务都有言语任务作为对应。现在的目标是从发展的角度分析这些测试，以确定不同技能并行发展的程度。(4)在扩展阶段，我们的目标是比较音乐家和非音乐家，以提高适应行为的程度和性质的理解。这是从上述关于运动表征延展性的结果中得出的。这方面已经很少讨论到语音，但已经收到了一些关注与音乐为基础的刺激扰动实验。因此，为了实现我们的总体目标，我们将音乐家和非音乐家在语音和音乐刺激方面的明确比较视为一种特别有前途的途径。