Cirrus clouds in the extratropical tropopause and lowermost stratosphere region

温带对流层顶和平流层最低区域的卷云

• 批准号: 316588738
• 负责人: Dr. Reinhold Spang, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften (IBG)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316588738?language=en
• 关键词: Cirrus; clouds; extratropical; tropopause; lowermost

Large uncertainties in climate prediction caused by processes involving cirrus clouds highlight the importance of more quantitative information on cirrus clouds by observations. Especially around the tropopause, where cirrus may have a large warming effect in comparison to lower and thicker cirrus only very little information is available. Ground based lidar observations and satellite based IR limb sounding are suggesting a new class of cirrus clouds, the presence of cirrus in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS), which are so far not well characterised by measurements and not considered in global models studies at all.The proposed study CiTroS will investigate Cirrus clouds in extratropical Tropopause and lowermost Stratosphere region based on measurements during the proposed HALO mission WISE in Sep/Oct 2017. Special emphasis will be taken on the analysis of measurements of cloud structures with the novel Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) instrument. With its ability to image tomographically volumes of air in the IR wavelength region 780 to 1400 cm-1, it may provide a three-dimensional reconstruction of the observed cloud structures. IR limb sounders are extremely sensitive to measure optically thin cirrus clouds due to the long limb path integration along the line of sight. In combination with the HALO-based lidar instrument WALES the payload will present the most sensitive remote sensing measurements for the characterisation of micro- and macrophysical parameter of cirrus clouds around the tropopause. Together with the in situ measurement for water vapour and ice water content the HALO mission WISE represents a high-capacity payload for cloud studies around the tropopause and enables the proof of existence for clouds in the LMS. One major part of study will be the development of new retrieval techniques for the exploration of optically thin cirrus clouds around the tropopause with the IR imager GLORIA. The analysis of the tomographic cloud measurements will make it possible to retrieve much better constrained microphysical properties like ice water content or particle radius information.Model studies and forecasts form the Chemical Lagrangian Model for the Stratosphere (CLaMS) and CLaMS will be available after the campaign for detailed studies. Research questions regarding the impact of meteorological conditions on the formation of ice particles in the extratropical tropopause und LMS region, or the relevance of mixing processes at the subtropical jet in conjunction with Rossby wave breaking events and the link to cirrus clouds in the LMS at mid and high latitudes, will be investigated. Together with the new CLaMS-Ice module, which simulates formation and evolution of cirrus clouds along trajectories with a detailed double-moment bulk microphysical scheme, it is possible to investigate in case studies very detailed the key formation processes of cirrus in the LMS and tropopause region.

涉及卷云云的过程引起的气候预测中的大量不确定性突出了通过观察结果对卷云云的更定量信息的重要性。尤其是在对流层顶附近，与较低和更厚的卷心相比，卷心菜可能具有很大的变暖效果，只有很少的信息可用。基于地面基于地面的痛风观察和基于卫星的IR肢体发声暗示了一类新的卷云，在最低平流层（LMS）中存在卷轴，到目前为止，这些云层在全球模型中尚未得到测量，在全球模型中没有得到很好的特征。提议的研究将在孔隙率较低的过程中进行静脉cir虫，该研究的速度较低的凝乳群在杂型云层中，该杂物群的静脉杂志，是孔子云的静脉表皮，在2017年9月/10月的明智之举中，将特别重点在分析云结构的分析中，新颖的肢体观察者用于大气成像（Gloria）仪器。它具有图像在780至1400 cm-1的IR波长区域中对空气的图像量的能力，它可以对观察到的云结构提供三维重建。由于沿视线的长肢路径积分，IR肢体发声器对于测量光学薄的卷心云非常敏感。结合基于光环的LiDAR仪器威尔士，有效载荷将呈现最敏感的遥感测量值，以表征对流层载体周围卷心云的微物理参数。连同对水蒸气和冰水含量的原位测量，光环任务明智代表了对模型周围云研究的高容量有效载荷，并为LMS中的云提供了证明。研究的一个主要部分是开发新的检索技术，以探索IR Imager Gloria周围对流层面周围光学薄的cirrus云。对层析成像云测量值的分析将使取回更好约束的微物理特性，例如冰水含量或颗粒半径信息。模型研究和预测形成了平流层的化学拉格朗日模型（CLAMS）（CLAM）和CLAM，并在运动之后可用。有关气象条件对驱动着热带热带地区和LMS地区冰颗粒形成的影响的研究问题，或者将调查与Rossby Wave爆破事件以及与中高级LMS和高力角的cirrus云的联系。与新的蛤is冰模块一起，它模拟了沿轨迹的卷云的形成和进化，并具有详细的双重体积微物理方案，可以在案例研究中研究LMS和Tropopause区域中卷心菜的关键形成过程。

项目成果

Observation of cirrus clouds with GLORIA during the WISE campaign: detection methods and cirrus characterization

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-3153-2021
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Irene Bartolome Garcia;R. Spang;J. Ungermann;S. Griessbach;M. Krämer;M. Höpfner;M. Riese