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Coherence-based imaging and inversion on large-scale seismic arrays

大规模地震台阵的相干成像与反演

基本信息

批准号：
316700991
负责人：
Dr. Benjamin Schwarz
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Earth Sciences
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316700991?language=en
关键词：
Coherence based imaging inversion large

项目摘要

The detailed knowledge of the structure and constituents of the Earth's subsurface allows for many important applications, ranging from risk assessments on engineering sites near the surface to the exploration of geothermal or hydrocarbon reservoirs to meet energy demands and answering fundamental geodynamical questions on continental or even global scales. Using either the natural seismicity of earthquakes or artificially excited controlled sources, the seismic method proved to be an essential tool for all these problems. While in the global regime of earthquake seismology, however, the tomographic inversion of subsurface properties like seismic velocities has played the central role, the industry-driven local seismology of controlled sources in hydrocarbon exploration for a long time had the main goal of a sharpest possible structural image by focusing the backscattered, i.e. reflected or diffracted portion of the wavefield. With the advent of full-waveform inversion and the installation of receiver networks that span large regions of the Earth's surface, technical developments in these fields begin to naturally approach each other. Besides the inversion of full waveforms, the rapid growth of current large-scale seismic arrays suggests applications of imaging schemes, which, similar to reservoir exploration, may lead to a richer, complementary picture of the still vaguely known structure of the Earth's mantle and core. While first promising results have been obtained in recent years using conventional seismic depth imaging techniques, the aim of this project is to make the maximum use of the increasing redundancy in the data acquired in earthquake seismology. By adapting a cutting-edge data-driven stacking scheme from industrial seismic exploration, I aim at complementing and supporting the established approach of broadband tomography with large-scale structural images of the deeper interior for the very recently completed densely acquiring USarray campaign in North America, promising interesting implications for future workflows in both fields.

对地球地下结构和成分的详细了解可以用于许多重要的应用，从地表附近工程场地的风险评估到地热或碳氢化合物储层的勘探，以满足能源需求，并回答大陆甚至全球范围内的基本地球动力学问题。利用地震的自然地震活动性或人工激发的受控震源，地震方法被证明是解决所有这些问题的重要工具。然而，在地震学的全球范围内，地下性质（如地震速度）的层析成像反演发挥了核心作用，而长期以来，油气勘探中受控震源的行业驱动的局部地震学的主要目标是通过聚焦反向散射（即波场的反射或衍射部分）来获得尽可能清晰的结构图像。随着全波形反演的出现和跨越地球表面大区域的接收器网络的安装，这些领域的技术发展开始自然地相互接近。除了全波形反演之外，目前大规模地震台阵的迅速发展也意味着成像计划的应用，这与储层勘探类似，可能会导致对地球地幔和地核的结构有更丰富的补充了解。虽然近年来使用传统的地震深度成像技术取得了第一批有希望的结果，但本项目的目的是最大限度地利用地震学中获得的数据中日益增加的冗余。通过采用来自工业地震勘探的尖端数据驱动叠加方案，我的目标是补充和支持宽带层析成像的既定方法，并为最近完成的北美密集采集USarray活动提供更深内部的大规模结构图像，为这两个领域未来的工作流程带来有趣的影响。