MAMAP - CoMet Proposal for the University of Bremen contribution to the HALO Mission CoMet in the framework of the DFG Priority Program Atmosphären- und Erdsystemforschung mit dem Forschungsflugzeug HALO (SPP 1294)

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The research objective of the contribution of University of Bremen to the HALO CoMet mission is focusing on the first science question (SQ1, see HALO CoMet umbrella proposal): Can we identify and quantify (in a top-down approach) local sources of greenhouse gases such as power plants, coal mines, landfills, city plumes, or geological sources? This will be addressed by underflying of HALO CoMet carrying CHARM F over regions with strong localised point sources. Whereas HALO, due to its flight altitude and speed, will be able to only get a very few transects through plumes from areas with strong localised point sources, MAMAP on a lower and slower flying aircraft will provide the detailed local context of the area where strong localised point sources are expected. With MAMAP, maps of column averaged dry air mole factions of CO2 and CH4 (denoted XCO2 and XCH4) will be provided for scales of approximately 10x10 to 20x20 km2. Target areas are Berlin (CO2 city plume as well as two strong CO2 emitting power plants nearby) and the Upper Silesian Basin with several strong CH4 emitters on a relatively small arear. The data from the campaign will analysis and interpretated in terms of localisation of source positions and/or (depended on source density) source areas, as well as quantification of source strengths , using MAMAP and CHARM-F data. The data will further be validate by in-situ soundings performed with the in-situ instrumentation also installed on HALO (e.g.CH4, CO2, H2O; see also HALO CoMet White Paper). The interpretation will be supported by high resolution modelling in cooperation of MPI BGC in Jena. In addition, it will be investigated in how far MAMAP and COMET sensors constitutes an adequate instrumentation to validate future spaceborne missions such as OCO-2, Sentinel-5 Precursor, GOSAT-2, MERLIN, Sentinel-5, CarbonSAT, or ASCENDS. This will be addressed by coordinating wherever feasible campaign flights with satellite overpasses of those missions active in 2017 (OCO-2, Sentinel-5P, potentially GOSAT). Data interpretation of airborne remote sensing and in-situ data will be performed in comparison to the satellite observations.