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Developing new Nanogold-based Test Strip for Environmental and Bio-Monitoring of Mercury (HG) Traces - NANOTEHG -

开发新的基于纳米金的测试条，用于汞 (HG) 痕量的环境和生物监测 - NANOTEHG -

基本信息

批准号：
317741991
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Kerstin Leopold
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Analytische und Bioanalytische Chemie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/317741991?language=en
关键词：
Developing new Nanogold based Test

项目摘要

Even though industrial countries have made great efforts to reduce Hg emission over the last 25 years, global anthropogenic emission still increases slightly. Its excessive use in small-scale gold mining and increasing emissions from coal-fired power plants contribute mainly to Hg discharges. Therefore, this highly toxic heavy metal is still one of the most critical environmental pollutants. Consumption of fish is nowadays considered as the main source for general human Hg exposure. However, high occupational exposure still occurs for gold miners and workers in industry in developing countries. Hence, environmental as well as bio-monitoring of Hg traces is mandatory in order to prevent negative effects on humans.Although there are various highly sensitive and selective analytical methods available for Hg determination, these have several disadvantages, like consumption of highly toxic reagents, time-consuming sample preparation, and bulky instrumentation. Hence, further development in order to provide simplified procedures for rapid monitoring of Hg traces in real-world samples is required. The aim of the project is to develop a robust and valid analytical method for determination Hg traces in aqueous samples, like natural waters, human urine, acidic/basic extracts, etc. For this purpose, a test strip will be prepared that is dipped for a few minutes into a liquid sample in order to accumulate Hg. The probe will consist of a meso-porous silicon film on a silicon wafer containing gold nanoparticles in its pores. Selective and highly efficient accumulation of Hg onto this nanogold-modified thin film takes place after catalytic decomposition of all dissolved Hg species into Hg0 and subsequent amalgamation. Other than with common passive sampling approaches no deployment in the field/sample is planned. Furthermore, filling the pores of the test strip with organic solvents prior to dipping into the sample shall provide species-specific accumulation of Hg. Desorption of Hg from the probe will be performed thermally omitting the necessity of any leaching reagents. Hg0 vapour is detected by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Regeneration of the catalytic active gold nanoparticles is achieved by this heating step, too. Hence, the complete analytical procedure will work reagent-free with a re-useable test strip, providing crucial advantages, such as simple and low-cost on-site handling and at the same time providing high sensitivity and selectivity. Therefore the new method will be a very valuable tool for environmental and bio-monitoring.

尽管工业化国家在过去25年中为减少汞排放做出了巨大努力，但全球人为排放量仍略有增加。汞在小规模金矿开采中的过度使用以及燃煤发电厂排放量的增加是汞排放的主要原因。因此，这种剧毒重金属仍然是最关键的环境污染物之一。目前，鱼类消费被认为是人类汞接触的主要来源。然而，在发展中国家，金矿工人和工业工人的职业接触率仍然很高。因此，必须对痕量汞进行环境和生物监测，以防止对人类产生不利影响，尽管有各种高灵敏度和高选择性的分析方法可用于汞的测定，但这些方法有几个缺点，如消耗剧毒试剂、样品制备耗时和仪器庞大。因此，需要进一步开发，以便提供快速监测实际样品中痕量汞的简化程序。该项目的目的是开发一种可靠有效的分析方法，用于测定水样（如天然沃茨、人尿、酸性/碱性提取物等）中的痕量汞。探针将由硅晶片上的中孔硅膜组成，其孔中含有金纳米颗粒。选择性和高效率的汞积累到这个纳米金改性的薄膜发生后，催化分解的所有溶解的汞物种到汞0和随后的汞齐化。除了采用常见的被动采样方法外，没有计划在实地/采样中部署。此外，在浸入样品之前，用有机溶剂填充试纸的孔隙，应提供汞的物种特异性积累。汞从探针上的解吸将通过热进行，无需任何浸出试剂。用原子荧光光谱法检测汞蒸气。催化活性金纳米颗粒的再生也通过该加热步骤实现。因此，完整的分析程序将使用可重复使用的测试条在无试剂的情况下工作，提供关键的优点，例如简单和低成本的现场处理，同时提供高灵敏度和选择性。因此，新方法将是一个非常有价值的工具，环境和生物监测。