Tribunals. War crime trials in Socialist Yugoslavia

法庭。

• 批准号: 319406156
• 负责人: Dr. Sabina Ferhadbegovic
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/319406156?language=en
• 关键词: Tribunals.; War; crime; trials; Socialist

The project focuses on the Yugoslav prosecution of the war crimes in aftermath of the Second World War. The primary aim is to break with the prevailing tradition of looking at Yugoslav war crimes trials solely from the perspective of retribution. Their purpose was not only to "punish and eliminate" the former or potential combatants but also to overcome the implications of the civil war and integrate the Yugoslav society. Military trials were also an experimental ground for the development and the implementation of the concept of the revolutionary justice and socialist law. How did they influence the state-building process of Second Yugoslavia?Before the World War II Yugoslav legal scholars participated in discussions about international criminal law. During the war the Government in Exile participated on different initiatives and signed different declarations regarding war crimes. Which impact did yugoslav jurists have on the development of the concepts "crimes agains humanity" and "crimes against peace"? Meanwhile in the occupied Yugoslavia the Partisans created a fait accompli. They didn`t wait the war to end to prosecute war criminals. But what rules and ideas guided Yugoslavian Communists to their law concepts and what traditions, ideological agenda and international developments influenced their jurisdiction of war crimes? Soviet Union was their role model. The adaption of soviet criminal law took place already during the war. But with their engagement on the United Nations War Crimes Commission the Yugoslav Communists adapted its legal framework and a whole set of jurisdictional guidelines and standards and incorporated them into the Yugoslav criminal law. From this perspective, this project will analyze Yugoslav war crimes trials focusing on the transition of knowledge and transnational dynamics: Which institutions were involved in the “legal flows”? Who were the convicted perpetrators in the first trials? Who were the witnesses and what kind of evidence was produced? Did judgments follow patterns set by the IMT? And how did the first war crimes trials shape Yugoslav understanding of the WWII and the Shoah?

该项目着重于第二次世界大战后的南斯拉夫起诉战争罪。主要目的是打破仅从报应的角度看南斯拉夫战争犯罪的普遍传统。他们的目的不仅是为了“惩罚和消除”以前或潜在的战斗人员，而且还要克服内战的含义并融合了南斯拉夫社会。军事审判也是革命司法和社会主义法概念的发展和实施的实验基础。他们如何影响第二只南斯拉夫的国家建设过程？在第二次世界大战之前，南斯拉夫法律学者参加了有关国际刑法的讨论。战争期间，政府流放参与了不同的举措，并就战争犯罪签署了不同的声明。南斯拉夫法学家对“再次犯罪”和“反和平罪行”的发展产生了哪些影响？意思是，在被占领的南斯拉夫时，游击党人创造了既成成就。他们没有等待战争结束起诉战争罪。但是，哪些规则和思想指导南斯拉夫共产主义者的法律概念，哪些传统，理想主义议程和国际发展影响了他们对战争罪的管辖权？苏联是他们的榜样。灵魂犯罪法的适应已经发生在战争期间。但是，由于他们在联合国战争犯罪委员会的参与下，南斯拉夫共产党改编了其法律框架和一系列管辖权指南和标准，并将其纳入了南斯拉夫刑事法。从这个角度来看，该项目将分析侧重于知识和跨国动态过渡的南斯拉夫战争犯罪试验：“法律流动”涉及哪些机构？在第一次试验中，谁是被定罪的肇事者？目击者是谁，产生了什么样的证据？法官是否遵循IMT设定的模式？第一次战争罪如何塑造南斯拉夫对第二次世界大战和Shoah的理解？