Determinants of Individual and Age-related Differences in Attention-modulated Information Selection

注意调节信息选择中个体和年龄相关差异的决定因素

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    321494669
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    德国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    德国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-12-31 至 2019-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Why can some people remember so much whereas others have the famous memory like a sieve? Recent research, some of which was performed by the applicants, has shown that information selection through attention plays an important role in this matter: subjects who have the ability to ignore irrelevant information and effectively focus on the relevant, have a higher working memory capacity than those who are bad at filtering. In this project we aim at having a closer look at what determines these individual and age-related differences, something that has not been sufficiently studied yet. In Project 1 we ask, whether individual differences in peripheral visual acuity may underlie the performance differences usually observed in covert attention tasks. Project 2 aims to investigate how individuals are able to retrospectively manipulate memory contents by means of attention. In Project 3 we ask which neurophysiological processes determine how precisely and correctly information is stored in memory. Project 4 investigates, whether emotional information is differently selected by individuals and whether this is related to differences in personality and emotionality. Finally, in Project 5 we plan to test whether training of attention and concurrent electric stimulation of attention-related brain areas can improve memory performance. Most experiments are designed as EEG studies, in which we look for neurophysiological correlates of individual differences in information processing. Project 5 employs the method of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a tool for non-invasive neuromodulation. In the long rung the results of these projects will form the basis for intervention studies, in which through improving attention-related information selection memory performance is aimed to be indirectly boosted and stabilized.
为什么有些人能记得那么多,而有些人却有着著名的记忆力像筛子一样?最近的研究(其中一些是由申请人进行的)表明,通过注意力进行的信息选择在这件事中起着重要作用:有能力忽略无关信息并有效关注相关信息的受试者比那些不擅长过滤的人具有更高的工作记忆容量。在这个项目中,我们的目标是仔细研究是什么决定了这些个体和年龄相关的差异,这还没有得到充分的研究。在项目1中,我们问,是否在周边视觉敏锐度的个体差异可能会导致通常观察到的性能差异在隐蔽注意任务。项目2旨在研究个体如何能够通过注意力回顾性地操纵记忆内容。在项目3中,我们问哪些神经生理过程决定了信息在记忆中存储的精确性和正确性。项目4调查,情绪信息是否被不同的个人选择,这是否与个性和情绪的差异有关。最后,在项目5中,我们计划测试注意力训练和注意力相关脑区的同步电刺激是否可以改善记忆表现。大多数实验被设计为EEG研究,在其中我们寻找信息处理中个体差异的神经生理学相关性。项目5采用经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)的方法,这是一种非侵入性神经调节工具。从长远来看,这些项目的结果将成为干预研究的基础,通过改善与注意相关的信息选择,间接提高和稳定记忆成绩。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
A direct neural measure of variable precision representations in visual working memory.
  • DOI:
    10.1152/jn.00230.2021
  • 发表时间:
    2021-09
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.5
  • 作者:
    C. Merkel;M. V. Bartsch;M. Schoenfeld;A. Vellage;N. Müller;J. Hopf
  • 通讯作者:
    C. Merkel;M. V. Bartsch;M. Schoenfeld;A. Vellage;N. Müller;J. Hopf
Making the rich richer: Frontoparietal tDCS enhances transfer effects of a single-session distractor inhibition training on working memory in high capacity individuals but reduces them in low capacity individuals
让富人更富:额顶 tDCS 增强了单次分心抑制训练对高能力个体工作记忆的转移效应,但降低了低能力个体的转移效应
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118438
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.7
  • 作者:
    Schmicker M;Menze I;Schneider C;Taubert M;Zaehle T;Müller NG
  • 通讯作者:
    Müller NG
Decision-Making Deficits in Elderly Can Be Alleviated by Attention Training
注意力训练可以缓解老年人的决策缺陷
  • DOI:
    10.3390/jcm8081131
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.9
  • 作者:
    Schmicker M;Menze I;Koch D;Rumpf U;Müller P;Pelzer L;Müller NG
  • 通讯作者:
    Müller NG
Investigating the Potential Role of Ecological Validity on Change-Detection Memory Tasks and Distractor Processing in Younger and Older Adults
研究生态有效性对年轻人和老年人变化检测记忆任务和分心处理的潜在作用
  • DOI:
    10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01046
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.8
  • 作者:
    Rumpf U;Menze I;Müller NG;Schmicker M
  • 通讯作者:
    Schmicker M
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Professor Dr. Jens-Max Hopf其他文献

Professor Dr. Jens-Max Hopf的其他文献

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