Mobile Brain/Body Imaging of Spatial Navigation

该方案的目的是研究支持空间定向的大脑皮层动力学，该动力学反映了来自视觉、前庭和运动系统的独有信息的整合。这一总体目标将有助于发展空间导航理论，以及不同感官如何对空间定向做出贡献。此外，拟议的实验旨在模拟伴随视觉和前庭信息的大脑动力学，以及这些信息如何有助于空间更新。最后，研究起源于脾后复合体(RSC)及其附近的大脑动力学将有助于识别该结构潜在的不同计算功能。RSC是一种对空间定向至关重要的大脑结构。为此，我们将在一系列实验中对主动物理空间定向和视觉流动定向进行比较。为了记录移动空间定向脑电(EEG)过程中的人脑动态，将全身运动捕捉和头盔虚拟现实同步进行。为了对记录的活动进行成像，将使用数据驱动的分析方法来调查人脑动力学、身体运动和认知过程之间的相互依赖关系。在过去的十年里，记录技术的出现使得可以在标准实验室环境之外记录移动参与者的脑电活动。数据驱动的分析方法被开发出来，允许分离大脑和非大脑活动。尽管有了这些进展，但研究人类认知的标准方法要求参与者避免移动，并专注于传感器层面的分析。为了进一步了解与我们的身体结构紧密相关的自然认知过程所伴随的大脑动力学，我们建议对积极移动的参与者在空间定向过程中的大脑动力学进行成像。大脑动力学成像必须提供有关特定皮质结构何时表现出与认知和行为方面有关的系统性活动变化的信息。电生理数据提供了必要的时间分辨率，以提供对信息处理的时间过程的精确洞察。伴随着空间定向整合运动相关的独特性反馈的脑动力学是未知的。这一建议旨在通过使用移动脑/身体成像来克服空间定向的脑成像研究的现有局限性。这将使我们能够得出结论，说明大脑如何表示独特性信息，这些信息如何用于空间定向，以及独特性信息处理的大脑动力学如何导致空间任务中的个体差异。

The goal of this proposal is to investigate the cortical dynamics that support spatial orienting during active human movement in space reflecting the integration of idiothetic information from the visual, the vestibular, and the kinesthetic system. This overall objective shall help to develop theories of spatial navigation and how different senses contribute to spatial orienting. Furthermore, the proposed experiments aim at modeling the brain dynamics accompanying visual and vestibular information on physical rotation and translation in space, and how these contribute to spatial updating. Finally, investigating the brain dynamics originating in or near the retrosplenial complex (RSC), a brain structure that is central to spatial orienting, will contribute to identifying potential different computational functions of this structure. To this end, we will compare active physical spatial orienting with visual flow orienting in a series of experiments. To record the human brain dynamics during mobile spatial orienting electroencephalography (EEG), full-body motion capture, and head mounted virtual reality will be synchronized. To image the recorded activity, data-driven analyses approaches will be used to investigate the interdependencies between human brain dynamics, physical movement, and cognitive processes. The last decade has brought recording technologies that allow a recording of EEG activity in mobile participants outside standard laboratory settings. Data-driven analyses approaches were developed that allow for separating brain and non-brain activities. Despite these developments, the standard approach to investigating human cognition requires participants to avoid movement and focuses on analyses at the sensor level. To further our understanding of the brain dynamics that accompany natural cognitive processes that are tight to and make use of our physical structure, we propose to image the brain dynamics during spatial orienting in actively moving participants. Imaging of brain dynamics has to provide information about when specific cortical structures demonstrate systematic changes in activity that can be linked to aspects of cognition and behavior. Electrophysiological data provide the temporal resolution necessary to deliver precise insights into the time course of information processing. The brain dynamics accompanying spatial orienting integrating movement-related idiothetic feedback are unknown. This proposal aims to overcome the existing limitations to brain imaging studies of spatial orienting by using mobile brain/body imaging. This will allow conclusions as to how the brain represents idiothetic information, how this information is used for spatial orienting, and how the brain dynamics of idiothetic information processing contribute to individual differences in spatial tasks.