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The effect of land-use related diversity on plant-soil feedbacks and plant-community coexistence

土地利用相关多样性对植物-土壤反馈和植物-群落共存的影响

基本信息

批准号：
325119805
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Jasmin Joshi
金额：
--
依托单位：
HSR Hochschule für Technik Rapperswil
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/325119805?language=en
关键词：
effect land use related diversity

项目摘要

Results from our previous greenhouse experiments using soil communities from the Biodiversity Exploratories indicate that soil-biota effects along a land-use intensity gradient contribute to species coexistence by influencing plant-species dominance in grassland communities. Land-use related soil-biota effects in our experiments differed especially between grasses and herbs, suggesting a biotic legacy effect of land use on plant-community composition and coexistence in grasslands. However, when comparing plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) under greenhouse and field conditions, we detected in a recent series of experiments consistent differences between PSF effects. In the field, we observed a generally positive effect of plant diversity on biotic feedbacks. This underlines the importance to consider land-use related diversity effects as plant diversity might drive indirect and intransitive competitive effects in natural vegetation. Previous results from the Biodiversity Exploratories clearly show that land-use intensity affects the diversity across trophic levels (plants, herbivores, pathogens). Therefore, we would like to use the framework of the Biodiversity Exploratories to explicitly test (1) the impact of land-use and land-use related biodiversity on species specific PSFs directly in the field. (2) By setting up a combined plant competition and soil diversity experiment at the different land-use intensities and by explicitly excluding above-and belowground herbivores in a fully factorial design, we will provide additional mechanistic resolution regarding the impact of land-use-related diversity of soil microbial communities as well as of above and belowground herbivores on the strength and direction of PSFs and their consequences for plant-species performance and thus plant-community diversity. Within our experimental approach, we will plan (3) to investigate the individual effects of abiotic factors such as fertilization or soil compactions on PSFs under natural field conditions.As land-use intensity affects the diversity of plants, as the diversity of plants resulted in positive feedback effects on plant growth in a previous field experiment, and as plant growth affects abiotic and biotic soil properties, we will investigate in a series of greenhouse experiments (4) the effect and importance of land-use related soil biota on plant abundance along the land-use gradient by experimentally testing biotic soil legacy and PSF effects of 75 MIPs (3 regions à 25 MIPs) in grasslands screening a large set of common plant species. These data will yield important information on the contribution of land-use related soil biota on plant species abundance and community composition, and will be provide substantial information for other soil biota and plant related groups (e.g., for species selection for further studies). With our experiments we hopefully substantially contribute to the study of mechanisms enabling plant-species coexistence.

我们以前的温室实验结果表明，沿着土地利用强度梯度的土壤-生物群效应通过影响草原群落中的植物-物种优势，促进了物种共存。在我们的实验中，与土地利用相关的土壤-生物群效应不同，特别是在草本和草本之间，这表明土地利用对草原植物群落组成和共存的生物遗产效应。然而，当比较温室和大田条件下的植物-土壤反馈(PSF)时，我们在最近的一系列实验中发现了PSF效应之间的一致差异。在野外，我们观察到植物多样性对生物反馈的总体积极影响。这突显了考虑与土地利用有关的多样性影响的重要性，因为植物多样性可能会在自然植被中产生间接的和不可传递的竞争效应。生物多样性探索以前的结果清楚地表明，土地利用强度影响营养水平(植物、草食动物、病原体)的多样性。因此，我们希望利用生物多样性探索的框架，直接在野外明确测试(1)土地利用和土地利用相关的生物多样性对物种特有PSF的影响。(2)通过在不同土地利用强度下建立植物竞争和土壤多样性联合实验，并通过完全析因设计明确排除地上和地下草食动物，我们将提供额外的机械解决方案，涉及与土地利用相关的土壤微生物群落多样性以及地上和地下草食动物对PSFs强度和方向的影响及其对植物物种性能和植物群落多样性的影响。在我们的实验方法中，我们将计划(3)在自然田地条件下调查非生物因素如施肥或土壤压实对PSFs的个体影响。由于土地利用强度影响植物的多样性，由于植物的多样性在先前的田间试验中对植物生长产生正反馈效应，以及由于植物生长影响非生物和生物土壤性质，我们将在一系列温室实验中研究(4)土地利用相关的土壤生物群对沿土地利用梯度的植物丰度的影响和重要性，通过实验测试草原上75个MIP(3个区域对应25 MIP)的生物土壤遗产和PSF效应，筛选出大量常见的植物物种。这些数据将产生与土地利用相关的土壤生物群对植物物种丰度和群落组成的贡献的重要信息，并将为其他土壤生物群和与植物相关的类群提供大量信息(例如，用于进一步研究的物种选择)。通过我们的实验，我们希望对植物与物种共存机制的研究做出实质性贡献。