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Contemporary evolution and phenotypic plasticity or genetic fixation: Rates of evolution and adaptive processes in populations under novel selection regimes

当代进化和表型可塑性或遗传固定：新选择制度下种群的进化率和适应过程

基本信息

批准号：
210149801
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Jasmin Joshi
金额：
--
依托单位：
Botanischer Garten
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/210149801?language=en
关键词：
Contemporary evolution phenotypic plasticity genetic

项目摘要

The aim of this project is to assess the importance of contemporary evolutionary processes influencing phenotypic plasticity or/and genetic fixation and to assess their importance for the adaptive capacity and persistence of plants under novel and multiple selection pressures. The extent and timing of contemporary evolution will be studied by using populations of five different plant species that are managed as ex-situ collections in botanical gardens (BG) hence forming a study system that allows a precise determination of phenotypic and genetic changes due to a consistent change in selection regime. We will compare 15 founder populations (cultivated for several generations in BGs) exposed to novel selection pressures for a defined amount of time with their original source populations in the wild. We will analyse 1) genetic diversity of BG and wild source populations by using restriction site-associated DNA tags (RAD tags) generated by high-throughput sequencing and 2) assess phenotypic diversity by comparison of life-history traits. To compare fitness parameters and limits of adaptation under changing conditions und multiple stress factors, all populations are reciprocally transplanted to all wild and garden sites and, in a common garden experiment, the same half-sib families are experimentally exposed to perturbations, i.e. to new environmental conditions. Thereby, the amount and interrelationship of local adaptation, phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity in relation to the time since exposure to novel environmental conditions can be evaluated.

该项目的目的是评估当代进化过程的重要性，影响表型可塑性或/和遗传固定，并评估其重要性的适应能力和持久性的植物在新的和多重选择压力。当代进化的程度和时间将通过使用五种不同植物物种的种群进行研究，这些植物物种在植物园（BG）中作为异位收集进行管理，从而形成一个研究系统，该系统可以精确确定由于选择制度的一致变化而导致的表型和遗传变化。我们将比较15个创始人种群（在BG中培养了几代）暴露于新的选择压力，并在一定的时间内与其原始的野生源种群进行比较。我们将分析1）通过使用高通量测序产生的限制性位点相关DNA标签（RAD标签）分析BG和野生来源群体的遗传多样性，2）通过比较生活史性状评估表型多样性。为了比较适应性参数和适应性限制在不断变化的条件下和多种压力因素，所有的人口都被移植到所有的野生和花园网站，并在一个共同的花园实验，相同的半同胞家庭实验性地暴露于扰动，即新的环境条件。因此，当地的适应，表型可塑性和遗传多样性的时间，因为暴露于新的环境条件的数量和相互关系可以进行评估。