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The ventral visual pathway and the construction of identity-specific representation

腹侧视觉通路和身份特异性表征的构建

基本信息

批准号：
352324151
负责人：
Professor Dr. Gyula Kovács
金额：
--
依托单位：
Heisenberg Professorship of Cognitive Neurosciences
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/352324151?language=en
关键词：
ventral visual pathway construction identity

项目摘要

The major objective of the present proposal is to better understand how the brain encodes faces for recognition. We will use psychophysical methods together with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to test how the occipito-temporal and anterior-temporal cortical areas of the human brain enable us to acquire and maintain a stable representation about known, familiar persons, thereby supporting face recognition. The central hypothesis of the proposal is that instead of having a single face recognition area a hierarchical, but distributed and recurrent network is responsible for face recognition. For testing this hypothesis we study the role of the occipital face area (OFA) and the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) in recognition processes, as these two areas are located towards opposite ends of the proposed hierarchy. We split our major question into two parts. First, using TMS, we will test the role of OFA/ATL in the process as faces transition from unfamiliar to familiar. We will compare the effect of OFA and ATL stimulation as participants acquire identity-specific information in two fundamentally different ways. Participants will either be exposed to a large amount of naturally variable faces to facilitate the creation of a statistically based average faces or they will see faces along additional person-related semantic information (names, job-titles). We will evaluate the causal roles of OFA and ATL in these tasks. We expect that the manner how the stimulation of OFA/ATL interferes with learning during the two tasks will give us information regarding the structure of the face-processing network. Second, we will study the acquired familiar face representation within the ventral visual system. In psychophysical experiments we will test its stability over time. In fMRI-guided, state-dependent TMS experiments we will test its image independence within the OFA and ATL. Finally, using fMRI and a novel version of multivariate pattern analysis (representational similarity analysis) we will test the differences and similarities of the fine-grained representation of unfamiliar versus familiar faces. Overall, our aim is to reveal the neural mechanisms that are responsible for face recognition.

这项提议的主要目标是更好地理解大脑如何对人脸进行编码以进行识别。我们将使用心理物理方法，结合经颅磁刺激(TMS)和功能磁共振成像(FMRI)来测试人脑的枕颞区和前颞区如何使我们能够获得并保持关于已知的、熟悉的人的稳定表征，从而支持人脸识别。该提案的中心假设是，负责人脸识别的不是单一的人脸识别区域，而是一个分层的、但分布式的、循环的网络。为了验证这一假设，我们研究了枕面部区域(OFA)和前颞叶(ATL)在识别过程中的作用，因为这两个区域位于所提出的层次结构的相反两端。我们把主要问题分成两部分。首先，使用TMS，我们将测试OFA/ATL在人脸从陌生到熟悉的转变过程中的作用。我们将比较OFA和ATL刺激的效果，因为参与者以两种根本不同的方式获取身份特定信息。参与者要么接触到大量自然变化的面孔，以便于创建基于统计的平均面孔，要么他们将看到与人相关的额外语义信息(姓名、职称)的面孔。我们将评估OFA和ATL在这些任务中的因果作用。我们期望在两个任务中刺激OFA/ATL如何干扰学习的方式将给我们关于面孔处理网络结构的信息。其次，我们将研究腹侧视觉系统中习得的熟悉面孔表征。在心理物理实验中，我们将测试其随时间的稳定性。在fMRI引导的状态依赖的TMS实验中，我们将测试其在OFA和ATL中的图像独立性。最后，使用功能磁共振成像和一种新版本的多变量模式分析(表征相似性分析)，我们将测试陌生和熟悉面孔的细粒度表示的异同。总体而言，我们的目标是揭示负责人脸识别的神经机制。