Transcultural Mediators, Strategies and Entangled Modernities. Transportation and Infrastructure in the Imperial Ports of Odessa and Varna in 19 century

跨文化调解者、策略和错综复杂的现代性。

• 批准号: 354235247
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hans-Jürgen Bömelburg
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Osteuropäische Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/354235247?language=en
• 关键词: Transcultural; Mediators; Strategies; Entangled; Modernities.

The objective of the project is to reconstruct the trans-Ottoman interactions in the Black sea region by analysing the establishment of the steam shipping transportation system in the 19th century and the infrastructures related to it. Biographies and practical intercultural mediation strategies of key figures in the port cities of Odessa and Varna will be central for the study.The development of the steam shipping transportation system had a cumulative effect upon the establishment of other types of transport infrastructures such as railways, roads, post and telegraph, as well as for the development of trade, banking and insurance sectors. In the case of Varna this concerned accounting and trade law, or in the case of Odessa the education of captains, machine operators and other specialists. It also led to the introduction of new diplomatic relations such as consulates or international companies branches.The research will be divided into three parts. The first one reflects upon the role of the two port cities as trans-imperial places of transfer of knowledge and transregional networks. The second one contextualizes Varna and Odessa ports as centres of cross-cultural, commercial and political influences in the Ottoman, in the Russian Empire and beyond during the 19th century. Finally, the third and most important part analyses the very institutionalization of the steam shipping transportation system in the Black sea as a result of transcultural practices and experiences.The study will follow the methodological frame of the entangled histories and modernities in the field of cultural history and biography studies. The methods include interpretative analysis of original sources; normative documents, diaries, letters; visual analysis of photo archives; network analysis. The project is based on two case studies of shipping companies and four biographies. The case studies include the establishment and further development of the Russian Shipping and Trade Company: RS&TC in 1856, the first joint-stock shipping company in Russia. Then it moves to the Ottoman/Bulgarian case, which investigates the establishment of the first private Shipping Trade Company Providence in 1862 in Istanbul. The biographies analysed will be of the creator of RS&TC, Admiral Nikolay A. Arkas, and of the creator of the Providence company, Petar Petrov, in Varna. Furthermore, the project will follow the biographies of the leading figures for the institutionalization of transport infrastructures in Varna, the Jewish brothers Tedeschi. The hypothesis is that the institutionalization of steam shipping, in spite of the differences between the Russian and the Ottoman Empires, is possible as a result of efforts of persons who act as mobile players. Therefore, their intercultural mediation efforts, practices of translation of the accepted as universal Western knowledge and their networks will be subject of the analysis.

该项目的目标是重建跨-通过分析世纪蒸汽船运输系统的建立及其相关的基础设施，研究奥斯曼帝国在黑海地区的互动。敖德萨和瓦尔纳港口城市关键人物的传记和实用的跨文化调解策略将是研究的中心。蒸汽船运输系统的发展有一个累积的此外，还将对建立其他类型的运输基础设施，如铁路、公路、邮政和电报，以及贸易、银行和保险部门的发展产生影响。在瓦尔纳的情况下，这涉及会计和贸易法，或在敖德萨的情况下，船长，机器操作员和其他专家的教育。这也导致了新的外交关系的引入，如领事馆或国际公司分支机构。第一个反映了这两个港口城市作为跨帝国的知识转移和跨区域网络的作用。第二个将瓦尔纳和敖德萨港作为世纪奥斯曼帝国、俄罗斯帝国及其他地区的跨文化、商业和政治影响中心。最后，第三部分也是最重要的部分分析了跨文化实践和经验导致的黑海蒸汽航运运输系统的制度化，研究将遵循文化史和传记研究领域纠缠的历史和现代性的方法论框架。方法包括对原始资料的解释性分析;规范性文件、日记、信件;照片档案的视觉分析;网络分析。该项目是基于两个航运公司的案例研究和四个传记。案例研究包括俄罗斯航运和贸易公司的建立和进一步发展：1856年的RS&TC，这是俄罗斯第一家股份制航运公司。然后转到奥斯曼/保加利亚案，调查1862年在伊斯坦布尔成立第一家私人航运贸易公司普罗维登斯。分析的传记将是RS&TC的创建者，海军上将尼古拉A。阿卡斯和普罗维登斯公司的创始人佩塔尔·彼得罗夫在瓦尔纳。此外，该项目将遵循瓦尔纳交通基础设施制度化的领导人物的传记，犹太兄弟Tedeschi。假设是，尽管俄罗斯帝国和奥斯曼帝国之间存在差异，但蒸汽航运的制度化是可能的，因为人们作为移动的参与者的努力。因此，他们的跨文化调解努力、被接受为普遍西方知识的翻译实践以及他们的网络将成为分析的对象。