ResiServD - Service Resilience in Distributed, Multimodal, ICT-based Energy Systems

能源分配系统越来越多地基于不同基础设施（电力、天然气、热力、信息和通信技术）之间的互联，将其转变为智能多模式能源分配系统。为了实现能源系统向高效和可再生能源系统的转变，能源部门（电力，热力和移动性）的耦合是主要的促进因素之一。配电系统将面临分布式发电机、存储和负载（例如，热泵、电动汽车、燃气发电机组）。根据数字化趋势，对大量分布式能源单元的监测和控制将越来越依赖信息和通信技术（ICT）。这种发展必然促进了中小企业中电力、天然气、热力和ICT基础设施之间的相互依赖性。由于组件的自然质量有限，规划和运营弹性能源基础设施的挑战必然存在。智能基础设施的复杂性不断增加，以及它们之间的相互连接，在系统内和系统间层面上都带来了额外的挑战。电力系统不断设计为在可接受的负载和电压限制的边缘运行，依靠ICT基础设施在更不稳定的电力流情况下进行监督和控制。对智能基础设施的ICT攻击是一个现实。真实的例子表明，能源基础设施的复原力正在成为未来的一项重大挑战。正在进行的研究主要是在影响单一基础设施的自然灾害或网络攻击领域。一个开放的研究问题是如何在多个互连的基础设施和它们的相互依赖性的弹性可以建模，以及如何整体弹性可以提高。这一开放领域对关键基础设施极为重要，将在本项目建议书中加以论述。多重复原力的目标是评估和提高通过互联网联接的中小企业的相互复原力。一方面，将制定新的方法，模拟和评估中小企业的复原力。另一方面，研究了用于互连基础设施的操作的新颖的增强一致性的概念，以防止和减轻系统内和系统间的挑战。为此，该项目可以依赖于已经为每个基础设施独立启动的工作，并在此基础上扩展，以纳入互连系统的相互影响。

Energy distribution systems are increasingly based on the interconnection between different infrastructures (electricity, gas, heat, ICT), transforming them into smart multimodal energy distribution systems (SMEDSs). To realize the energy system transformation towards a highly efficient and renewable energy based system, the coupling of energy sectors (electricity, heat, and mobility) is one of the major facilitators. The distribution system will be faced with significant growth in the number of distributed generators, storages and loads (e.g., heat pumps, electrical vehicles, power to gas units) over the following years and decades. Monitoring and control of a large number of these distributed energy units will increasingly rely on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in accordance to the trend of digitalization. This development inherently fosters the interdependence between power, gas, heat, and ICT infrastructures in SMEDSs.Challenges to plan and operate a resilient energy infrastructure are inherently present due to naturally limited quality of components. The rising complexity in smart infrastructures as well as their mutual interconnections foster additional challenges to arise both on intra- and inter-system level. The power system is continuously designed to operate more at the edge of acceptable loading and voltage limits, relying on ICT infrastructure for supervision and control under significantly more volatile power flow situations. ICT-sided attacks on smart infrastructures are a reality. Real examples show that the resilience of the energy infrastructure is becoming a major challenge in the future. Ongoing research is mainly in the area of natural disasters or cyber-attacks impacting single infrastructures. An open research question is how resilience in multiple interconnected infrastructures and their mutual interdependencies can be modeled and how overall resilience can be enhanced. This open area is of outmost importance for critical infrastructures and will be addressed in this project proposal.The goal of Multi-Resilience is to evaluate and increase the mutual resilience of SMEDSs coupled through interconnectors. On the one hand, new methods will be developed to model and evaluate resilience of SMEDSs. On the other hand novel resilience-enhancing concepts for the operation of an interconnected infrastructure are investigated to protect against and mitigate intra- and inter-system challenges. For this, the project can rely on work that has already been started for each of the infrastructures independently and expand on this to incorporate the mutual influences of the interconnected systems.