Distribution and Function of Partitive articles in Romance (DiFuPaRo): a microvariation analysis

该项目的目的是提供一个详细的空间分布的不同类型的partitive articles（PA），即元素，如法语du/des和意大利语del/dei，在几个Gallo-和Italo-罗曼语品种，在瑞士和意大利北方：标准法语/意大利语，口语（瑞士）法语，Francoprovençal（FrPr）和意大利北部方言（NID）。我们的研究目标是描述保护区的位置和功能，在类型学上高度标记，但相当忽视的元素（除了一些关于标准法语和意大利语的工作），在各自的罗曼语系统中的名词决定：它们的形态特征是什么，它们编码什么，它们在句子中的位置，它们如何与NP内部（如量词）和NP外部（如否定）功能成分相互作用？这些问题的答案将拓宽我们对印欧语名词性确定和量化的理解（更具体地说是罗曼语），特别是关于已建立的类型学分类，如Chierchia 1998 c（罗曼语作为没有分类器的数字标记语言）和基本作用和句法轨迹（Heycock/Zamparelli 2005，Borer 2005，Ihsane 2008，Mathieu 2014）名词和（交际）概念化（Champollion/Krifka 2016）内部结构中的计数质量区分。为了回答这些问题，我们将主要利用现有的数据库，首先，在瑞士（OFROM：瑞士法语口语：Corpus oral de français de Suisse romande，法语ALAVAL：Atlas linguistique audiovisuel du francoprovençal valaisan），其次是意大利（方向在德国）为北方意大利（ASIt：在瑞士和北方意大利进行实地考察后完成，建立一个共同的数据库，系统地了解不同类型的公共行政的语言学特性和地理分布，正在调查的浪漫品种。我们还将解决一个基本的类型学问题，在微观变化的水平上：为什么我们在我们做的地方找到它们？并首次对罗曼语中带PA的名物化内部结构进行了形式化分析。我们相信，这是第一次对密切相关的语言/变体中部分文章周围可观察到的微变化进行详细的比较研究，有助于我们了解这些元素的确切功能，并将为随后对更多罗曼语变体（Francoprovençal，Occitan，Central/Southern Italian dialects，cf.）的研究建立工作工具（tagset，数据库）。Cardinaletti/Giusti 2016）。由于该研究项目的重点是调查非标准濒危品种，其重要性在于也记录了仅在非正式背景下使用的罗曼语品种的未知特征，这些特征与理解语言接触问题高度相关（例如空间中语法特征的分布，Bickel 2007）。

The aim of the project is to provide a detailed description of the spatial distribution of different types of partitive articles (PAs), i.e. elementslike French du/des and Italian del/dei, in several Gallo- and Italo- Romance varieties, in Switzerland and Northern Italy: Standard French/Italian, colloquial (Swiss) French, Francoprovençal (FrPr) andNorthern Italian dialects (NID). Our research objective is to describe the place and function of PAs, typologically highly marked and yet quite neglected elements (besides some work on Standard French and Italian), inside the respective Romance systems of nominaldetermination: what are their morphological properties, what do they encode, where are they found in the sentence, how do they interact with NP-internal (e.g. quantifiers) and -external (e.g. negation) functional elements? The answers to these overarching questions willbroaden our understanding of nominal determination and quantification in Indo-European languages (more specifically Romance), particularly with respect to established typologicalclassifications like that in Chierchia 1998c (Romance languages as number-marking languages without classifiers) and the fundamental role and syntactic locus (Heycock/Zamparelli 2005, Borer 2005, Ihsane 2008, Mathieu 2014) of the count-mass distinction in the internal structure of nominals and (communicative) conceptualization (Champollion/Krifka 2016). To answer these questions, we will mainly exploit existing databases, first, in Switzerland (OFROM: for colloquial Swiss Frenchs: Corpus oral de français de Suisse romande, ALAVAL for Francoprovençal: Atlas linguistique audiovisuel du francoprovençal valaisan) and, second, in Italy (direction in Germany) for Northern Italy (ASIt: Atlante sintattico d'Italia), completed by fieldwork in Switzerland and Northern Italy, to set up a common database givinginsights systematically into the linguistics properties and geographical distribution of different types of PAs in the Romance varieties under investigation. We will also tackle a fundamental question of typology, on the level of microvariation: Why do we find them where we do?, and propose first formal analyses of the internal structure of nominals with PAs in Romance. We believe that this first detailed comparative investigation into the observable microvariation around partitive articles in closely related languages/varieties helps us understand the precise function(s) of these elements and will establish working tools(tagset, database) for subsequent research into more Romance varieties (Francoprovençal, Occitan, Central/Southern Italian dialects, cf. Cardinaletti/Giusti 2016). As this research project focuses on investigating non-standard endangered varieties, its importance liesalso in documenting unknown features of Romance varieties used in informal contexts only, which are highly relevant to understand issues of language contact (e.g. distribution of grammatical features in space, Bickel 2007).