mawlid-Texts from the 13th to the 18th Century: Prophetic Piety as Ritual Performance?

以先知穆罕默德(Mawlid)的诞生为中心的预言式叙事从12世纪末开始出现。在接下来的几个世纪里，几乎所有著名的学者都写了莫里德文本。到目前为止，研究只研究了一些较老的文本在内容主题和叙事线索方面。拟议的项目将不仅从内容上而且从文学文本的角度分析诗歌文本，并将首次包括在许多文本中占很大一部分的诗歌。它彻底审查了七个文本，这些文本的广泛流传和使用都有很好的文件记录。它侧重于内容和形式如何提供对文本各自功能的洞察。该项目将特别关注那些指向这些文本的艺术声音再现的修辞手段的确定。该项目从三个方面捕捉了mawlid文本，其突出程度可能会随着文本的不同而变化：作为一种文学体裁，作为一种宗教教育手段，作为一种仪式表演的剧本。它将把mawlid作为口头和书面传统之间的一种散文文学体裁来分析，探索体裁和作者身份的问题，分析修辞手法，并将其置于文学生产及其新兴的新美学中，特别是在赞美先知的诗歌中。它将分析Mawlid作为一种宗教教育手段，确定主题特征和先知的各自形象。最后，对作为仪式表演剧本的mawlid的分析将重点放在文本中的表演元素上，并使观众能够参与其中，如祈祷、相应的身体动作或诗歌结构。对文本内在特征的评价将结合几种来源类型：阿拉伯史学、阿拉伯和欧洲游记以及关于仪式实践和朗诵技巧的伊斯兰司法文献。这将得到现代表演实践的观察和音频材料的补充，赞美先知的诗歌，mawlid和祈祷源于申请人2008-2013年在叙利亚和黎巴嫩的田野工作。mawlid文本一方面与其他文学文本和马木鲁克时期新兴的新美学互动，另一方面与新出现的虔诚做法互动。因此，该项目旨在为历史上的宗教实践和13至18世纪的文学史做出贡献。然而，研究将不仅仅是对历史实践及其文本的研究。相反，它涉及的是今天仍然适用于活着的伊斯兰教的宗教实践。然而，这种做法目前处于守势，面临着所谓正确伊斯兰教自称发言人的压力。

Prosimetric narratives centring on the birth of the prophet Muhammad (mawlid) emerge from the late 12th century onwards. In the following centuries, almost all renowned scholars write mawlid-texts. Hitherto research has only studied some of the older texts with regard to content motifs and narrative strands. The proposed project will analyse mawlid-texts not only with regard to content but as literary texts and will for the first time include the poetry which accounts a large part of many texts. It thoroughly examines seven selected texts whose wide circulation and usage is well documented. It focuses on the question of how content and form provide insight into the respective functions of the texts. Special interest will be paid to the identification of rhetoric devices which point to an artistic vocal rendition of these texts.The project captures mawlid-texts in three dimensions whose eminence may alter from text to text: as a literary genre, as a means of religious education, and as a script of ritual performance. It shall analyse mawlid as a prosimetric literary genre at the interstices of oral and written tradition, exploring questions of genre and authorship, analysing the rhetorical devices, and placing it within the literary production and its emerging new aesthetics in general and within the praise poetry for the prophet in particular. It shall analyse mawlid as a means of religious education, identifying thematic features and the respective images of the prophet. Finally, the analysis of mawlid as a script of ritual performance will focus on the performative elements that are inscribed into the text and enable the participation of the audience, like prayers, corresponding bodily movements, or poetic structures. The evaluation of text-immanent characteristics will be supplemented by the combination of several source types: Arabic historiography, Arabic and European travelogues, and Islamic juridical literature on ritual practice and recitation techniques. This will be complemented by observations and audio material of contemporary performance practices of praise poems for the prophet, mawlid, and prayers stemming from a fieldwork of the applicant in Syria and Lebanon 2008-2013.mawlid-texts interact with other literary texts and the emerging new aesthetics in the Mamluk period on the one hand and with new emerging practices of piety on the other hand. The project thus seeks to be a contribution to historical religious practice and to the literary history of the 13th to 18th century. However, the study will not be on historical practice and its texts alone. Rather, it deals with religious practice still valid for lived Islam today. This practice, however, finds itself currently on the defensive, facing the pressure of self-titled spokespersons of a so-called correct Islam.