How Immigration Impacts Natives' Wages: Investigating Cross-Country Differences

移民如何影响当地人的工资：调查跨国差异

• 批准号: 389628219
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Gerald Willmann, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Wirtschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/389628219?language=en
• 关键词: How; Immigration; Impacts; Natives; Wages

France and Germany are two major countries of immigration in Europe. In 2010, foreign-born individuals represented 7.2% and 6.3% of their respective population (Brücker et al., 2013). Despite different economic situations with respect to inequality and unemployment, the recent increase in asylum demands and illegal immigration has raised a vivid debate on the strictness of immigration policies in both countries. The economic consequences of immigration, especially for native workers, are at the centre of this debate.In three scientific work-packages (WPs), this project will investigate the impact of immigrant workers on natives jobs and wages. We will go beyond the existing literature by investigating why the impact of immigrants varies across countries. We will devote particular attention to task allocation and production strategies (WP1) and to trade integration (WP2) to detect conditional labour market effects of immigration. We will also investigate the interplay between labour market effects and immigration policies (WP3).WP1 will focus on the demand side of the labour market. We will explore how immigration affects task allocation within and across firms. We will also investigate the link between foreign employment and firms production strategies (such as outsourcing). WP2 will investigate to what extent the impact of immigrants on natives wages is conditioned by trade integration and subsequent characteristics of an economy such as the level of granularity (i.e. the domination of large firms). WP3 will study, both theoretically and empirically, the political determinants of immigration policies across European countries toward different types of immigrants. It will also explore how the degree of substitution between natives and immigrants relates to the determination of immigration policies.WP4 will organise the research cooperation. The project includes researchers with strong complementarities which are required to achieve this project that emerges at the interface of migration economics, international trade and the political economy of immigration. While both teams will work on task allocation and production strategies (WP1), the French team will look at trade integration and aggregate issues (WP2) and the German team will focus on immigration policies (WP3). Research efforts are set to happen as joint papers. We also expect an exchange of good practices on the use of the French and German employer-employee data.We will actively communicate on our results. Final results will be published in top-field/top-20 journals and research-based policy recommendations will be communicated through policy papers. Overall, the project will feed the public debate by providing a better understanding of the economic consequences of immigration in Europe.

法国和德国是欧洲两个主要的移民国家。2010年，外国出生的人分别占其各自人口的7.2%和6.3%（Brücker等人，2013年）。尽管不平等和失业方面的经济状况不同，但最近庇护需求和非法移民的增加引发了两国移民政策严格性的激烈争论。移民的经济后果，特别是对本地工人，是在这场辩论的中心。在三个科学工作包（WP），这个项目将调查移民工人对本地人的工作和工资的影响。我们将超越现有的文献，调查为什么移民的影响在不同国家之间存在差异。我们将特别关注任务分配和生产战略（WP 1）和贸易一体化（WP 2），以检测移民对劳动力市场的影响。我们还将研究劳动力市场的影响和移民政策之间的相互作用（WP 3）。WP 1将集中在劳动力市场的需求方面。我们将探讨移民如何影响公司内部和公司之间的任务分配。我们还将调查外国就业和企业生产战略（如外包）之间的联系。WP 2将调查移民对当地人工资的影响在多大程度上取决于贸易一体化和随后的经济特征，如粒度水平（即大公司的主导地位）。WP 3将从理论和实证两方面研究欧洲国家针对不同类型移民的移民政策的政治决定因素。它还将探讨当地人和移民之间的替代程度如何与移民政策的确定有关。WP 4将组织研究合作。该项目包括具有很强互补性的研究人员，这是实现这个项目所必需的，这个项目出现在移民经济学、国际贸易和移民政治经济学的界面上。虽然两个团队将致力于任务分配和生产战略（WP 1），法国团队将着眼于贸易一体化和聚合问题（WP 2），德国团队将专注于移民政策（WP 3）。研究工作将以联合论文的形式进行。我们还期待着就法国和德国雇主-雇员数据的使用进行良好实践的交流。我们将积极交流我们的成果。最终结果将发表在顶级领域/前20名期刊上，基于研究的政策建议将通过政策文件进行传播。总体而言，该项目将通过更好地了解欧洲移民的经济后果来推动公众辩论。